Howard, perhaps what you are seeking is the distinction between orthodox and unorthodox (heterodox?) approaches to economics. Most major economics departments are "orthodox" in the sense that they emphasize a theoretical approach involving "models" (not necessarily neoclassical) and lots of econometrics for empirical research.
Inside this approach you can find very nuanced political positions. Not for nothing exasperated politicians are always searching for the fabled "one-handed economist".
Klop makes a very good point that, for each univ, you should check the research done in the areas you are interested.
However, there are a few universities that clearly have a more sociological/political approach. I recall three: New School in NYC, American University and Notre Dame. However, this last one got tired of getting penalized in economics rankings and is changing its approach to a more conventional one.
If you search the web for "heterodox economics" or "post-autistic economics", you'll find a lot more info.
Hope this helps!