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For question one: Let A be the overall population of rats and B be the overall population of dead rats. So the ratio for male rats is 0.3B/0.4A, and the ratio for female rats is 0.7B/0.6A. Now the ratio between male rats and female rats is (0.3B/0.4A)/(0.7B/0.6A), which is 9/14.
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