Tough CS's .. Lets discuss each

[krishnakumarhod]

Instead of blaming an airline accident on pilot error, investigators should find out why the error was made by analyzing airplane design, airline management, and pilot-training programs. For only then can changes be made to ensure that the same type of error does not recur and cause another accident.
Which of the following is a presupposition of the argument above?
(A) Pilot error is not a contributing factor in most airline accidents.
(B) Airline companies themselves should be the agents who investigate airline accidents.
(C) Stricter government regulation of airline companies will make air travel significantly safer.
(D) Investigators of airline accidents should contribute to the prevention of future accidents.
(E) Most pilots who make errors in flying will repeat their errors unless they are retrained.

The OA is given as D in 1000CR Doc
From What i understand the argument says the investigators blame it on the pilot all the time instead they need to look into exactly why the accident happened.
The Choice A states that pilot error may be the contributing factor
I feel the given OA may not be correct because Choice D uses strong language "Should" which is something many books recommend that Gmat would not do in a assumption type question

Because of the recent transformation of the market. Quore, Inc., must increase productivity, 10 percent over the course of the next two years, or it will certainly go bankrupt. In fact, however, Quore’s production structure is such that if a 10 percent productivity increase is possible, then a 20 percent increase is attainable.
If the statements above are true, which one of the following must on the basis of them also be true?
(A) It is only Quore’s production structure that makes it possible for Quore to survive the transformation of the market.-->It is not stated like that in the argument
(B) Quore will not go bankrupt if it achieves a productivity increase of 20 percent over the next two years.-->Quore not going bankrupt is not dependent on ONLY this factor
(C) If the market had not been transformed, Quore would have required no productivity increase in order to avoid bankruptcy.
(D) Because of the transformation of the market, Quore will achieve a productivity increase of 10 percent over the next two years.-->It may or may not happen,Nothing in argument says it should happen
(E) If a 20 percent productivity increase is unattainable for Quore, then it must go bankrupt.

I am also stuck between C and E
I am more leaning towards C as in
E we have the following probs
1)In the argument it says attainable does not mean than if 10% is attained then = 20% attained
something like If it is possible to do finish dinner it is also possible to finish dessert
then again we are talking abt 10% increase not 20 %

Until he was dismissed amid great controversy, Hastings was considered one of the greatest intelligence agents of all time. It is clear that if his dismissal was justified, then Hastings was either incompetent or else disloyal. Soon after the dismissal, however, it was shown that he had never been incompetent. Thus, one is forced to conclude that Hastings must have been disloyal.
Which one of the following states an assumption upon which the argument depends?

(A) Hastings’s dismissal was justified.
(B) Hastings was a high-ranking intelligence officer.
(C) The dismissal of anyone who was disloyal would be justified.
(D) Anyone whose dismissal was justified was disloyal.
(E) If someone was disloyal or incompetent, then his dismissal was justified.

The argument clearly states that the 2 conditions are necessary ONLY IF THE DISMISSAL WAS JUSTIFIED
.On the lighter side probably Hastings fooled around with someone in his boss's family and that guy wanted to teach him a lesson and made things up just to get back at Hastings


Amy McConnell is considering running for election against the incumbent, Gregory Lutz. If Lutz has a large campaign fund, then he is already far ahead, and McConnell will not run against him. If Lutz does not have a large campaign fund, McConnell will scrutinize Lutz’s record for any hints of scandal that she could use against him. Anything of a scandalous nature would increase McConnell’s chances of winning, and she would campaign for election. If Lutz has a clean record, however, McConnell will not run against him.
Given the information in the passage, which one of the following must be false?
(A) Lutz does not have a large campaign fund, and McConnell does not run against him.
(B) Lutz’s record contains items that would increase McConnell’s chances of winning, and she runs against him.
(C) Lutz’s record contains scandalous items, and McConnell does not run against him.
(D) Lutz’s record contains nothing that would increase McConnell’s chances of winning, and she runs against him.
(E) Lutz has a large campaign fund, and McConnell does not run against him.

I think this is D
The condition works this way
Mcconnell checks whether Lutz has the dough ,if he does not then she looks into his personel records .In choive D she finds that his record is clean and she still runs against ,this is against what is given in the argument

Only if the electorate is moral and intelligent will a democracy function well.
Which one of the following can be logically inferred from the claim above?
(A) If the electorate is moral and intelligent, then a democracy will function well.-->Again Electorate being moral and intelligent is not sufficent to conclude this
(B) Either a democracy does not function well or else the electorate is not moral or not intelligent.-->I think in this case both in either and or are negative one of em need to be positive
(C) If the electorate is not moral or not intelligent, then a democracy will not function well.-->Hope this is the answer
(D) If a democracy does not function well, then the electorate is not moral or not intelligent.-->That does not mean electorate is responsible it may be due to some other reason
(E) It cannot, at the same time, be true that the electorate is moral and intelligent and that a democracy will not function well.-->from this if we say elctorate is moral and intelligent is it sufficient for demo to function well


The workers at Bell Manufacturing will shortly go on strike unless the management increases their wages. As Bell’s president is well aware, however, in order to increase the worker’s wages, Bell would have to sell off some of its subsidiaries. So, some of Bell’s subsidiaries will be sold.
The conclusion above is properly drawn if which one of the following is assumed?
(A) Bell Manufacturing will begin to suffer increased losses.
(B) Bell’s management will refuse to increase its worker’s wages.
(C) The workers at Bell Manufacturing will not be going on strike
(D) Bell’s president has the authority to offer the workers their desired wage increase.
(E) Bell’s workers will not accept a package of improved benefits in place of their desired wage increase.

I did not pick C at first ,But after some thought this may be the reason.If you look at the wordings in the question it all happens in future tense and is conditional

Although most species of non-domestic mammals in Australia are marsupials, over 100 species—including seals, bats, and mice—are not marsupials but placentals. It is clear, however, that these placentals are not native to this island continent: all nonhuman placentals except the dingo, a dog introduced by the first humans that settled Australia, are animals whose ancestors could swim long distances, fly, or float on driftwood.
The conclusion above is properly drawn if which one of the following is assumed?
(A) Some marsupials now found in Australia might not be native to that continent, but rather might have been introduced to Australia by some other means.
(B) Humans who settled Australia probably introduced many of the placental mammal species now present on that Continent.
(C) The only Australian placentals that could be native to Australia would be animals whose ancestors could not have reached Australia from elsewhere.
(D) No marsupials now found in Australia can swim long distances, fly, or float on driftwood.
(E) Seals, bats, and mice are typically found only in areas where there are no native marsupials.

I think C might be answer.if we negate C if placentals animals whose anscestors reached australia from outside are indeed native the whole argument will fall apart


Public reports by national commissions, governors’ conference, and leadership groups have stressed the great need for better understanding of international affairs by the citizenry. If the country is to remain a leading nation in an era of international competitiveness, the need is undeniable. If there is such a need for the citizenry to have a better understanding of international affairs, then all of our new teachers must be prepared to teach their subject matter with an international orientation.
If all of the statements in the passage are true, which one of the following must also be true?
(A) If the country is to remain a leading nation in an era of international competitiveness, then new teachers must be prepared to teach their subject matter with an international orientation.
(B) If new teachers are prepared to teach their subject matter with an international orientation, then the country will remain a leading nation in an era of international competitiveness.
-->The teachers preparedness is not sufficient criteria
(C) If there is better understanding of international affairs by the citizenry, then the country will remain a leading nation in an era of international competitiveness.
-->Already stated explicitly in the passage
(D) If the country is to remain a leading nation in an era of international competitiveness, then there is no need for the citizenry to have a better understanding of international affairs.
-->This is the opposite of what is given in the argument
(E) Public reports from various groups and commissions have stressed the need for a more international orientation in the education of teachers.
-->Education of teachers??? or teachers educating others

Hope A is rt




I hope this one seems a bit helpfull ,Hope you Earthlings correct me if i went wrong somewhere

[krishnakumarhod]

I think the

"MUST ALSO BE TRUE" means an Assumption Question

and

"MUST BE TRUE" is a conclusion type

Please let me know if others disagree so that we may not get fooled with the question types

[maverick312]

Originally Posted by sasen

mi answers are:
1)E
2)E
3)A
4)D
5)C
6)C
7)C
8)A
Will explain after the OA..since there have been so mani replies

i got these--

1) D
2) E
3) C, E are close i go with E
4) C, D, are close i go with D
5) C
6) C
7) C
8) A

[avixorld]

Kindly give the OA.
The biggest problem to put so many qs in one post is that less discussion.
So it would be helpful to all of us if you can put them seperately.
By the way, mine is

1 ---a
2 ---b
3 ---a
4 ---d
5 ---c
6 ---d
7 ---c
8 ---a

[krishnakumarhod]

Hi madhur_ahuja

Request you to reply .

or Are u waiting for more explanations

Thanks
Krishna

[madhur_ahuja]

The OA's are:
1. D
2. E
3. A
4. D
5. C
6. C
7. C
8. A

[abhishek_mumbai]

My answers are -
1. D
2. B
3. A
4. D
5. C
6. E
7. C
8. A
I need to discuss 2 and 6 again.

[abhishek_mumbai]

(2) -
Because of the recent transformation of the market. Quore, Inc., must increase productivity, 10 percent over the course of the next two years, or it will certainly go bankrupt. In fact, however, Quore’s production structure is such that if a 10 percent productivity increase is possible, then a 20 percent increase is attainable.
If the statements above are true, which one of the following must on the basis of them also be true?
(A) It is only Quore’s production structure that makes it possible for Quore to survive the transformation of the market.
(B) Quore will not go bankrupt if it achieves a productivity increase of 20 percent over the next two years.
(C) If the market had not been transformed, Quore would have required no productivity increase in order to avoid bankruptcy.
(D) Because of the transformation of the market, Quore will achieve a productivity increase of 10 percent over the next two years.
(E) If a 20 percent productivity increase is unattainable for Quore, then it must go bankrupt.

I understand why B is wrong.. even if it attain 20% productivity, it can go bankrupt by other reason.. but why (E)..
It states that Quore must go bankrupt if 20% productivty is unattainable..
in Question stem, it is stated that must increase productivity, 10 percent over the course of the next two years, or it will certainly go bankrupt.
please notice certainely that means that it is not sure that Quore will go bankrupt even if they do not attain 10%..
must is a strong word and used against certainity in argument stem..

[abhishek_mumbai]

(6)
The workers at Bell Manufacturing will shortly go on strike unless the management increases their wages. As Bell’s president is well aware, however, in order to increase the worker’s wages, Bell would have to sell off some of its subsidiaries. So, some of Bell’s subsidiaries will be sold.
The conclusion above is properly drawn if which one of the following is assumed?
(A) Bell Manufacturing will begin to suffer increased losses.
(B) Bell’s management will refuse to increase its worker’s wages.
(C) The workers at Bell Manufacturing will not be going on strike.
(D) Bell’s president has the authority to offer the workers their desired wage increase.
(E) Bell’s workers will not accept a package of improved benefits in place of their desired wage increase.

I think we discussed it earlier and I wasn't convinced then even by OA.. If workers will not go on strike then how the conclusion will be true i.e. So, some of Bell’s subsidiaries will be sold.
If E is an assumption, that means that workers will not take anything other than increased wages so Bell has to sell some subsidiries.. Suits very well and make a good assumption..


Can you please post OE for this question? I need to understand where am I wrong.. I got this question wrong twice..

[abhishek_mumbai]

@madhur,
Do you think these are tough ones? I actually feel pretty good then..