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evensflow

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  1. Hi Bob, Let me explain this to you with some examples. 1. The church, destroyed by a fire, was never rebuilt. Ok, what do you make out from the sentence. Church was destroyed by the fire. Correct. So if i were to reframe it how would i do that: The Church which was destroyed by a fire, was never rebuilt. Correct. So, if you notice what i have did is i have replaced the participle destroyed with the a relative pronoun + pasy tense verb. If you notice any example of a past particple been used, you will notice that the one activity was over prior to the one discussed about. Having eaten the dinner, i didnt feel like moving out. So, you see the dinner was already eaten and therefore i didnt feel like moving out. The question you asked that whether participle can be always reduced to "which + Past tense verb" is not true. It can depend on situation, the relative pronoun could be which or something else. In case of present participle. Look at this example. 2. Bob, watching an old movie, drifted in and out of sleep. If i reframed the sentence then how would it look. Bob who was watching an old movie, drifted in and out of sleep. So you see, how the particple watching was transformed to a relative pronoun + verb. And the example of eat, ate , eaten was just to tell you more more words and their particple forms. I didnt intend to use it in the example above. Okies after saying all that, i did have a second look at the question and Alix point makes sense. Effor to do something is more appropriate. What is the answer Bob for that?
  2. Okies i am bummed here. I feel it cannot be D also, rather all choices seem to be really horrible. The original sentence talks of past tense "was" so answer cannot be "has been". It has to be "had been". Okies, my choice is B.. Reasons: A & C:- were found to have increased difficulties . The sentence here is past tense. You cannot mix that up with directly with a present tense in the clause the sense of smell appears to play a role D :- Past Perfect. The clause [red]had been found to have increased difficulties suggests that activity happened still much back in past. Wrong again. Choices left between B & E. Now the case comes of Increased and Increasing. Increasing according to me cannot go with an infinitive "to". Use of gerund is inappropriate here. Eg:- David has been found to have increased difficulties at work. This sentence sounds more correct then to say... David has been found to have increasing difficulties at work. The word increasing could have been appropriate if difficulties were increasing from some stage to other stage. Here my pick is again B. The trick is of understanding participle. Just see the contruction.. An effort which began two years ago for upgrading the health care of children is starting to save lives ................. two things to be noticed here: 1. Parallelism , upgrading .......... is starting............ 2. the relative clause which began. Here, you will agree with me that you can use a past tense verb only with a period in past. (2 years ago). Begin : - Present. Began:- Past Begun :- participle. another exampple: Eat :- Present Ate: - Past Eaten: - Participle. The part which beagn can be reduced to a participle begun. And hence the answer B. Well, these are all my interpretations, Erin is the one who can finally verify and correct it. So Erin, do let me know if i was right or way off in interpreting the grammar logic.
  3. Malegria, the best way to know the answer of this question is to know what does Since or Whereas mean? Since can be used in two ways, since to denote a cause and another to denote a point in time. I faired badly in GMAT since i didnt study. I know Tom since January. Whereas is only used for one purpose and that is to state contrast. HTH :)
  4. My take is E. Simply for the reason that something can be chiseled(past tense) if period is AGO and not are chiselled (present tense). The sentence E though would have been much better with a auxiallary verb "were". The answer is C. Yes the preposition "in" is required to retain parallelism. emerge in other procedures....... emerge in weeks of ordinary interviews. HTH :)
  5. The answer to this question lies in the idiom "not so much............. as" So, going by that the answer is clearly D. NOw, you may ask what does "it" stand for. So again, it's an "empty it". For 2 questions the answer is C. As hellogmat pointed out. HTH :)
  6. hi Sonita, I agree with you that skill can be both a count noun as well as a non-count noun. it all depends upin the context. Have a look athe example below: 1. Harry knows quite a few driving skills. Conversely, if were to ask Harry about his driving skills, i would ask. 2. How much skill do you have in driving a car, Harry? So you see, the word "skill" remains the same but depending on the context, skill can be a non-count or a count noun? HTH :) P.S: Erin do add your words of wisdom.
  7. IT in choice C clearly refers to the reform. That in choice "A" is ambigous as to what it wants to say? HTH:)
  8. I shall explain choice B... I feel it was the clearemost contruction of "....... as wide as........". There is no scope of error in this contruction and a unneccary use of prepositon "of" simply destroys the construction. Besides, you need a senetce starting with that here, to reatin parallelism, think that.... aware that...... also, it is unomplyement figures and not figures of average income which is kinda absurd. So, B retains it all and clearly and concisely the Best ANSWER. HTH :)
  9. For your question to hardly: refer this http://dictionary.cambridge.org/define.asp?key=35818&dict=CALD Unaccompanied Corresondingly with what?? If i say corresponding increase in sales .... The i know i am talking about inventories accompanied with corresponding sales. The adverb correspondingly is improperly modifying the word unacconpanied here. I guess in end i have to say one has to have a grammar ear for this to be very clear. HTH:)
  10. What should i say Hi "Hellogmat" :D Okies, see your own sentence: I What does IT refer to here? It refers to the fact that cigaraate cause cancer. In short, It is a kind of false subject used to reprsent the whole thing cigrattes cause cancer. The other sentence of yours: Here, It means that there is a sentence prior this one and probably this "it" is referring to that subject as expensive. In general, find out what the sentence is actually trying to say and you shall know what "it" is referring to. The usage of It in the former sentence is grammar is called "empty it". Erin, correct me if i am wrong!!! HTH :)
  11. Okies, Christation i have an example for you. Tell me whether it makes sense to you and i shall be glad to explain it further. 1. Tom is studying hardly for his GMAT. 2. Tom is studying hard for his GMAT. What does hardly mean in the 2 sentences above ? I hope you can find out the difference. For the second part of the question, i shall stick to the answer from GMAT point of view only. Just in GMAT is used in idiom as "Just as.............so". For "almost not". See this example: But for the advent of technology, it was almost impossible to think of people communicating from one end of the globe to the other in a matter of seconds. Impossible here is "not possible". Now do you get that... Let me know if i was clear enough...:)
  12. It in my opinion is an "empty it" here.
  13. Choice A is wrong for two reasons. One for the wrong usage of the adverb "correspondingly" and the second one because of wrong usage of "when". "When" is used to compare times and not for conditions. For a conditional statement "if" is appropriate" Choice B makes the same msitake of using a "when" and also adds an unnecessary pronoun "they". Choice C correctly uses the conditional "if" and the eliminated the usage of adverb by replacing "correspondingly" with "corresponding". Usage of "that" in type of construct is awkward. The correct answer is "D" for reasons: 1. The usage of empty "it" 2. A clear and concise one compared with Choice "C" which uses another "it" for no reason. Know the idiom "appear .... as" and not "visible..... as" Having said that, Choice C, D and E stand in line. Choice E is obviously wrong as it seems to suggest "surface is sighted on The Sun's poles and equator. Choice D is wrong, since the usage of "having" a participle is inappropriate and awakward here. Left Choice C, the correct answer is clear and concise and makes proper usage of idiom "appear ... as". Well, i know i havent explained the question in that detail. But it would be good if you come out with specific questions, which would help you understand the mistakes on your own. HTH:)
  14. despite..., although... constructs are used when contrast has to be expressed in a situation. For eg: Despite all the difficulties, he came up in life. When speaking of GMAT, Although... construct is preferable to Depsite.... construct. My answer to Q1 is "E", since there is no contrast.... On the second one as i said going by GMAT principles, Although is preferable. Hence "E". Another thing i like about E is the usage of verbs "will" and "can". HTH:)
  15. my view on the first question... The construction "all one has to do" sounds much better than "only thing that has to be done". The latter is a bit awkward. Second... the actions leave them, corral them and drive them follow one another and not simaltaneous. Choice D seems to suggest that they are to be done parallely while Choice C clearly depicts that each follows the other. HTH:)
  16. The answer 1 would be correct on GMAt as "as much as" is the frequently tested idiom on GMAT. As far as your concern goes in this question that why cant is be "many", then the reason for it that is that we are talking about the number of students and not the students. So the adjective which is associated for comparision with number is much. We ask the following question when comapring, How much? so the answer is 20%. Asking a question like How many? will be awkward in ths case, since answer for such a quesiton will be a specific number like 10 or 20 students and not percentage of students. HTH:)
  17. two things: 1. idiom usage is both .... and.... 2. Go in for parallelism. In E, verbs are in parallel. ('be' and 'waste'). HTH!!!
  18. OK the problem may not be as tricky as you may think... Firt get the numbers right.. 0 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8, 9 Now, as per the problem the numnber zero is repeated exactly 3 times and number one is not used at all. That leaves us with 8 nubmers only for gettting a 7 digit phone number. So of 7 digits in a phone number now, take out 3 digits as they shall be occupied by number zero. Left 4 digits for which you have 8 number left. Since, it is not given in the problem that the digits are different, each digit can repeat more than one time. Therefore 4 digits can be occupied in 8.8.8.8 = (8)^4 ways. Therefore total phone numbers possible is = (8)^.1 = (8)^4. (1 because 3 digits are occupied with zero, there is only one possible.) Now of the numbers (2,3,5,7) are prime numbers. You want the probability of having one or more prime numbers in the 7 digit phone number. So we shall find all 7 digit phone numbers without prime number first. We are left with number (4,6,8,9). = 4 numbers. Going by the same way above, we have (4)^4.1 = (4)^4 ways of geeting a 7 digit number without prime numbers. Now probablity of getting 7 digit n0. without prime is = (4)^4/(8)^4= 1/(2)^4 = 1/16. Therefore probability of having a 7 digit number with one or more prime = 1 - 1/16 = 15/16. HTH:)
  19. C is the correct answer. Comparison is always to be made between like things. All choices except option C compare apple with oranges. the idea is the sentence given is, By volume, HOW MUCH of a particular beverage is ALCOHOL?? So choice C clearly communicates that beer is three percent, wine is twelve percent and others are each forty percent. Look at choice A: Three percent of beer volume is compared with wine's twelve. Not correct comparison. (Percent should be compared with percent, just in case if option is to be correct). Choice B: ; destroys the meaning of the sentence. Choice D: Again same mistake as choice A. Choice E: Again it is wrong. Although it makes comparison of percentages but it makes incorrect comparison of "percentage of beer's volume" with that of "wine" and not "wine's volume". HTH!!!
  20. i cannot comment on the usage of "be known" but i can comment on the SC question. Option B cannot be the answer since, it uses "have" present perfect. The action seems to have terminated in option "B", which actually should not be the case , since option "A" clearly communicates that "consuming too much soduim" causes hyperstension. So its an action which if continued for a period of time will causes hypertension, while "B" suggests that, the consumption causes hypertension, so if one consumes sodium a single time, he will get hypertension which is not true. Besides remember, Don't change the meaning of A, (Erin always suggests that.) Hope that makes sense... "C" seems to be a better choice than "A" in terms of clarity of the issues at hand that is "consuming too much sodium" while choice "A" is wordy.
  21. Hi jo, The answer is "B" only and not "C". I made a correction in my post, saying that the closest one to the correct answer "B" was option "C". However, "B" is the best ansnwer. HTH:)
  22. I shall try to explain, let me know if that helps. Okies, what is a conclusion? Is it a fact or is derived from some facts or evidences. If the answer is yes for the latter then what makes more sense for a conclusion to follow from a piece of evidence is that it makes the most logical sense of the evidence provided. Now, note in option C and D which you say is correct. C discusses about the magazine NOT THE NEW BOOK , which the publisher is trying to benefit from. How will the magazine sales benefit the NEW BOOK collections. Doesnt make sense. Another thing, option D proves more to be an evidence than to be conclusion. It says the effectiveness of the book measured in terms of sales of a book is proportional to the magazine sales. So what??? There has to be a conclusion, which says something which the author of the argument is trying to derive. And that clearly the sales of the published NEW BOOK increasing. So, if people who after reading the excerpt in the magazine get a desire to read the book, then the pubslisher's aim is acheived. HTH!!
  23. hi longlong, I failed to read the question fully. I shall try explaninig it again, lets see if it helps. First i perfectly agree with Brstorewala, that "which" modifies the noun immediately before it. Now for what "which" means. OKies, "which" is a relative pronoun, which has to be placed as close as possible to the noun it modifies. If it is seperated far of from the noun it modifies than the meaning of the senetence will be totally distorted or become absurd. Also one more thing, along with which , there are other relative pronuns as well which work on the same funda, such as who, that, whom, whose,etc Let's see and example. Rob has a dog, whose name is pet. Now, you can see clearly, whose modifies dog clearly. But see this sentence now.. Rob has a dog injured seriously in a accident whose name is pet. Now tell me, does whose modify the noun accident. Neah... :(. It wishes to modify the dog, but is seprated from the antecedent, the noun by miles. So, the senetence is wrong. Hence, remember the relative pronuons who, which, that, whomm, whose, etc should be kep very near to the noun it modifies. HTH :)
  24. it's a Subjunctive question, see this post.. http://www.TestMagic.com/forum/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=4691 HTH
  25. brijgul, you are right in understanding that this is a parallelism question. BUt please see the elements in parallel. It's a sequence of Adj+noun... Adj+noun ..... So the third one also has to be Adj+noun. Hence the answer is C. E clearly violates this rule, not the last element, switching from the old system. Does this sound right to you from what rule is stated above. HTH:)
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