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rmoon

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  1. 6 \12\ 08 35 mins The following appeared in a memo from the marketing director of Bargain Brand Cereals. "One year ago we introduced our first product, 'Bargain Brand' breakfast cereal. Our very low prices quickly drew many customers away from the top-selling cereal companies. Although the companies producing the top brands have since tried to compete with us by lowering their prices, and although several plan to introduce their own budget brands, not once have we needed to raise our prices to continue making a profit. Given our success selling cereal, Bargain Brand should now expand its business and begin marketing other low-priced food products as quickly as possible." The memo resolves that since lowpriced breakfast cereal had been a sucess , and therefore the company should expand its business and start marketing other low priced food products as quiockly as possible. The Marketing Director supports the decision by stating that their low priced breakfast had drew many customers away from top selling cereal companies. He further staes that although other competitiors had lowered their prices and made several plans to introduce thrir own budget brand, but Bargain Brand had never needed to augment their prices for profit making. The argument is fyll of breaches and loopholes since it ispresents scrappy substantiation. Neither the sequitur constraining noer the premises incontrovertible First of all, the marketing director bases his conclusion of success of their product on the records of sellling in a year. One year period is a very short time to evuluate a products sustanied popularitry. It may be that the marketing was so rigorous that enhanced the sale of Bargain Brand in comparison to other cereal products.Moreover it may be that the customers were trying out the new drand in the market since one year nad now they may switch over to their old cereal products, as it a common trend on tythe part of the consumers to try nay new product launched in trhe market. There is no evident data to believe that the sell of Bargain Brand is still incraesing or it has reached its culmination nad now starting tio fi oloow the reverse rout. Secondly, it may that Bargain Brand had been popular maong thr consumrs noy because of low price, but due to its quality. We are nat provided with any information regarding the qulaitativwe aspect of the pripoduct. As it was the companys first product , there is every possibility that they maintanied the quality standarts, So in this scenario , it would be a hasty decxision to aatribute the sucess of Bargain Brand only to its lower price, Thridly , the production of low priced breakfast cereals is never a mirror image ogf the production pof other food products. It may be that whilre producing other food products the company may not maintain a lowprice , when all the expenditure is taken into account. Further more low and hoigh prices are relative sapects, there is every possibilty that all the other food products in the mareket are already ib in their lowest price range possible. THe further decrease in the price may lead to the degradation to their quali\ty. The author did not providwe any strong evuidence to support taht other food products in the market are priced very high and that a lower priced product is possible maintaing some percentage of profit. In conclusion , the argument should have been provided with data of the present scenario of the popularity of their product and that the trend is ib ncreasing. The argument should have also provided evidence to say rthat quality and taste did not play nay factores in their popularity, except only the loew prices. It also lacks a comparative cahrt showing the lowered priced other food pro
  2. The following appeared in a letter from a department chairperson to the president of Pierce University. "Some studies conducted by Bronston College, which is also located in a small town, reveal that both male and female professors are happier living in small towns when their spouses are also employed in the same geographic area. Therefore, in the interest of attracting the most gifted teachers and researchers to our faculty and improving the morale of our entire staff, we at Pierce University should offer employment to the spouse of each new faculty member we hire. Although we cannot expect all offers to be accepted or to be viewed as an ideal job offer, the money invested in this effort will clearly be well spent because, if their spouses have a chance of employment, new professors will be more likely to accept our offers." The argument concludes that new professors wiii be more interested in accepting the job offerrs of the university if their spouses are are also given a chance of employment in the university campus. It is supported by the result of the study conductesd in Boston College {B.C{} HWICH CLAIMS THAT both couple professors are happier living in a small town when their spouses arte emplyed in the same geographical raea. The aletter also assrets that it would aattract gifted teaxchers nad researchers and improve the morale of the entire staff. The argument is full of breaches and loopholes since it presents scrappy substantiation. Neither the sequitur is constraining nor the premises incontrovertible. The argument is veruy evidently a result of a hasty grnerilazation. Firstly , the argument assumes that since both the concerned university nad the B.C rae located in a sma;ll town so all the parameters affecting bioth the college nad the university are laike. Due to this reason the author asserts that the result of the study of B.C can be applied in their university. This is an example of inductive fallacy.The univesity may not be a mirror reflectin of B.C , so the result which tsnads good for the college may not be valid here. M ore over the study was conducted for a college and to genralize the result for a university is in itself full of follies. Though both of them are situated in a small town their surrounding environment , ACademic scenario , etc may not be congruent. SEcondly, the author corroborates his argument on th ebasis of the study conductd in B.C. Even if we assume that both the coolege and the univrsity are alikr in all respect Here we have no evidence to believe that the tsudy conducted in the college is reliable. There is no data to prove thir resuklt. Further more ew dont know hwether the study was conducted by well trauined professionals or not, whther the sample was well represented or not? THirdly the result of the college says that the couples whose spouse werte working in the same geographicakl area were happier. The letters calls for providing jobs to the sposes of the faculty members in tyhe same organization. In fact when boththe partners are working in a same institute they may end up in bitter feelings regarding some professional matters nad professional ethics. Fourthly, THe author assumes that all the new faculty members to be invited would be married so that theis spouses can be offered job. Moreover even if they are married their spouses may be already engaged . In conclusion , the argument may have been more effective had it been furnished with data which would clear that both the college nad the university had many similar aspects so that a result of astudy conducted in one may be applied to the other.The result of the study of the college must have been supported by data and authentic certification. had the author taken the above mentioned factiors in viesw , it would have been rendered the articlre irrefutable. But whatever presented fails to provide a holistic picture to the super flous claims being made
  3. "The development of mankind from a cave dweller to sophisticated technocrats is a result of progress through the knowledge , ideas , experience of its predecessors but does this fact negates the novel and innovative ideas which flourished during various ages of history?something which is original does not result from a heterogeneous mixture of ideas. Anything original is always something new , wcich is away from the traditional mores and conventions. Novelty is the flavor of originality. If we through through the annals of history of human development , we would find that many great leaps of mankind was the result of a truth and original idea in its barest form . for example , let us consider the discovery of the phenomenon of gravitation. Newton was the first to say that an apple fell from a tree due to the attraction of Earth, it was an original idea and no existing theories were there to support it. Galileo’s Assertion of sun being the center of the universe was rendered as heretical at that time , which clearly indicates that his idea was original and it was just the opposite of any idea of that time. so we can clearly say that originality is always characterized by something uncommon and unheard of. We can say that old ideas are put together results in the improvement of the previously existing original notion or thought. The invention of steam engine by james watt was a piece ohf originality but the fastest locomotives of today are the result of putting together old ideas from varios branches of science. The discovery of atom and other subatomic particles ewre original but the invention of atom bomb was derived from conglomeration of old idas of nuclear physics and basic physics. In this way we can say that any original and distinct idea is the foundation upon which many many other seemingly original structures are developed. If there were no novelty and creativity in generation of ideas then the world today would have saturated and no further progress were possible. The permutation and combination of old ideas to give something new would result in a stagnation in nay field of study . today every branch of knowledge is progressing , which justifies the fact that alongwith with conglomeration of old ideas new innvative thoughts are pumping fuel to the car of progress. Thus we can say that originality is not the result of old ideas put together in a new covering. Originality in its barest form is distinctive.the various fundamental laws of science , were not a result of ideas put together. Although sometimes various inventions result from previous thoughts and discoveries but the pithor core of it is always original
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