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Both the passage and the professor discuss the impact of the internet on today's society. In contrast to the reading passage which emphasises on the adverse impact of the internet, the lecturer focuses on the positive change that the internet has brought to our society. According to the passage, the internet is making people less adventurous and innovative as they depend more on the internet to look for solutions to their problems. The passage also mentions that the internet has adversely impacted the attention span and one's ability to focus on a task. The reason for this is the distractions due to advertisements, hyperlinks, etc. Due to this, people are losing the capacity to understand things well. However, the lecturer contradicts all the points mentioned in the passage. According to the lecturer, the internet is instead making people smarter. Research shows that the IQ of the people in the area with better internet access has increased by up to 10 points in the last 20 years. It proves that access to more information is making people smarter. Also, the internet has helped school students as they have access to unlimited information so they don't have to rely only on the information shared by the teachers. The lecturer also discusses the improvement in the attention span. People have become much better at multitasking. And also it is seen that kids with access to more information about their favorite topics have a longer attention span. To sum up, this is how the listening passage causes doubts on the points made in the reading passage.

It’s not bad but the city is boring. For RM, it is better that you stay here. The supervisors are good in econometrics and microeconomics. Macro is with a smaller group but still vibrant. It is not so easy to go to other schools. But if you try to apply, there is always chance. If you can resit the urge to live in a vibrant city, then it is fine for you. But for finding a job, it is better that you speak Dutch.

This is my first time on Urch to connect with different people and see economics phd discussion!

I know a bunch of people are more or less going to be riding out the waitlist for the next month. How are you all coping with the stress? Would it be helpful to start a thread where people sort of post changes to their waitlist status so that others can track how things are progressing? Or would that just make things more stressful?

Hi, Does anyone have any information about the program? I have been accepted and am looking forward to connect with people to understand more about the university.

Question: Some people like to do only what they already do well. Other people prefer to try new things and take risks. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your choice. People, in general, have different perspectives toward the way they can live their lives, in other words, your lifestyle. Some people think that they will live for once, and for that reason, they decided to choose an adventurous lifestyle. Other people prefer to live ordinarily without taking any risk. Given the choice between the two lifestyles, I would always prefer to live in an adventurous lifestyle. while there are many reasons, I will discuss mt top two in the following essay. Firstly, we only live our life for once, and throughout this journey, we must experience a different type of feelings that come with the new adventures, and these experiences every time will add something new to your personality such as break the fear from something that usually scared you all over your life. Take this or example, when you have the fear of public speaking in front of a huge audience, and to break this fear you decided to participate in an important university speech, to that you will need to learn, search, and practice to achieve this challenge. In other words, trying new things gives you the courage to do it, and helped you to add new skills to your personality. On the other hand, living in an ordinary lifestyle will not add any new experiences in your life, which means the same personality, the same fears, and of course the same skills. Moreover, we live in our present-days in fastly changing world which requires us to change and learn more and more to cope with this development. In addition to that, did you imaging as you get old, what will you remember from your youth? I can tell you, nothing, except the usual things that you get used to doing it day by day. What I mean by this, don't allow yourself to regret your youth, just because you wanted to do what you learned to do. In conclusion, I strongly prefer to live my life on the edge, in an adventurous way rather than regretting my self later.

prompt: The city of Winston has two large department stores: Namen and Roscoe. Namen is known for its high-end designer fashions, while Roscoe is known for more affordable fashion options. Both Namen and Roscoe are each considering opening another store in the growing suburb of Salem, where the population has grown over 50% in the last three years and where the median income is $75,000. Namen’s executives argue that as population and median income increase, people are willing to spend more money on clothing. However, Roscoe’s executives believe that the suburbs are more family oriented, and therefore their store will be more profitable than their competitor Namen. Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendation is likely to have the predicted result. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recommendation. Any department store would be excited to find a chance to expanding their businesses. However, opening another store in a growing suburb may be a good investment only when certain conditions are met. Both Namen and Roscoe are making assumptions on the incoming populations for their success. It is important to see if those assumptions are true in order to make wise decisions. Namen claims that it would be a good investment to open another store in Salem because its population is growing with the increased median income. Nevertheless, it is important to note that not all rich people will spend much money on clothing. There are other areas to spend money, such as digital devices and home-wares. If Namen wants to open a new store in Salem and get a profit from there, they will want to run a survey to see if the incoming people are willing to pay much money on clothing. On the other hand, Roscoe believes that the suburbs are more family oriented, so the people there would like to use Roscoe for more affordable clothing. It is easy to assume that people in suburb are more family oriented than in urban areas, but it is merely a stereotypical presumption. In order for building another store in Salem to be a good investment, Roscoe also need to check the validity of the assumption. First of all, Roscoe need to see the family orientation of the incoming population. If 2000 people are coming in, but only 500 of them have family living with them, the assumption that the suburb people are family oriented would be fallacious. Moreover, there is no evidence that family oriented suburb people would prefer affordable clothing over high-end clothing. There are plenty of people who are willing to pay more for better quality clothing because it lasts longer than affordable clothing. Therefore, it would be a good idea to run a survey on the incoming population to see their average spending on clothes. Incoming population and growing city may be an enchanting chance for both Namen and Roscoe. Nevertheless, it is crucial for both of them to do thorough research before taking into action because it may be a dangerous gamble if the assumptions that they are making for success are not proven to be true.

Scandals are useful because they focus our attention on problems in ways that no speaker or reformer ever could. Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim. In developing and supporting your position, be sure to address the most compelling reasons and/or examples that could be used to challenge your position. There are plenty of ways or source for humankind to bring attention and reform and scandals do not fits on it in any way. Scandal itself is a negative word and people often see it negatively. If anything people take it negatively how does it bring benefit to them? Scandal is anything that a person or any organization do which is not good for society. It’s often defamed people. People often look with abhorrence to those people who are in part of any scandal. Sometimes they also harassed by people or by the society which is not desirable. For example, Women who are often victim of sexual scandal most of the time harass by people in the society. There are plenty of alternatives to bring attention to people. Now people have internet, tv, newspaper etc these can be a good option to gather attention. There are plenty of options to bring beneficial and useful to mankind. It should explain to people what is good for them and what is bad. By ruining someone's life to bring attention can't be an option. But sometime scandal can be useful for example, Watergate scandal in the USA caused the resignation of president Richard Nixon. But it also defames the politics of the USA which is not desirable. Scandals aren't good for society. People should beware of it and negative work isn't a good source for any benefit or attention

I'm just wondering how good preparation does a BS in engineering (electrical/mechanical/computer/industrial/aerospace/materials/etc.) provide to pursue a PhD in econ? I've seen a ton of physics people pursue an econ phd and a few from engineering as well. So just wanted to get a general perspective.

Issue Topic : The best way for a society to prepare its young people for leadership in government, industry, or other fields is by instilling in them a sense of cooperation, not competition. The young people can be taught about leadership in government, industries and other fields through cooperation rather than competition. Young minds are naive and malleable. Hence, they can be taught easily about the needs to become a successful leader. To begin with, instilling the sense of cooperation, the act of doing things together in peace and harmony can be an effective method to build a leader among young people. Any task can be carried out with through discussion, supporting each other ideas and plan. This develops trust and believe among themselves, which helps to conduct work effectively. For instance, various clubs are established in schools, colleges and university to develop teamwork and leadership skills within students. To conduct programs, students need to come up with certain work plan and implement them properly. This builds sense of responsibility in their young minds that can be helpful in future. Given that, competition can also bring out best of oneself. In situation as such, one needs to put best foot forward. When young ones are frequently send to competions, they will understand the need to being the best. In future also they will imbibe the requirement to be the best. When one comes out as the best in bunch of people, they can surely lead others to path of success. All in all, i believe development of cooperation among young people are must for them to develop leadership rather than competion. Leader needs to lead the whole group to success as individual success of a leader does not account for successful leadership.

People should question the rules of authority as opposed to accepting them passively. The ongoing coronavirus outbreak has caused many countries accross the world to declare lockdowns across major cities. People have lost jobs and their freedom to roam around in the open due to strict rules. Citizen have started critizing government for declaring lockdowns and closures. Many people and media have questioned and judged the decisions taken bby authorities. Do these people realize what could happen if restrictions and lockdowns are removed? The number of coronavirus cases will surge like never before and this can have worse effects than a world war. People do not understand that these decisions are taken by the government only for the wellbeing of the citizen. If people start questioning these rules, which may seem to be unfair towards them, will they government even be able to function well? The government will lose the motivation and support needed by the people if they are constantly being questioned for their decisions. Not just during the pendamic, people need to understand that the governments first priority are the fellow citizen in the country. A rules passed by the government may cause a lot of people without indepth analyses to question to the decision. There will be a rise of the opposing parties to hamper the rules that were passed. People will start committing seditions and there will be undeniable turst issues with towards government. Other political parties and media may indeed take an undue advantage of this situation. All this can be avoided if we fellow citizens stop questioning the authorities and understand that no government is perfect and these decisions are taken solely for our advantage. On the other hand, if authorities operate autonomously with no one questioning them can lead to unwarranted power in the hand of the authorities. There needs to be a check and audit committee in place who represent the people. There are many cases where authorities have misused their powers and passed rules for their benefit. Such an act needs questioning and strict action needs to be taken. However, the questioning need not come directly from the people but from a seperate committe in place to avoid confusion and caos. Nothing in this world is perfect or fair. The rules passes by the authority may not be valid or fair for few residents. This does create a bias system and hate towards the system may develop. However, people questioning such a rule may lead to far worse consiquences like riots, petitions, etc. People should trust the government and authorities in the rules that are developed as these authorities are elected by the people and for the people.

Although sound moral judgment is an important characteristic of an effective leader, it is not as important as a leader’s ability to maintain the respect of his or her peers. Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position My response- A successfull organization characterstics comprises of excellent brand name, futuristic vision and growth mindset. For any organisation to exhibit these things the secret ingredient is only one powerful leadership which can make all of this happen!Every company to be successfulll needs a leader that has a sound moral judgement and is an honesty and fair individual. That is why leaders are appointed in first place to give a direction to the people working under them.If for a leader needs to take a side between choosing the right thing and respecting peers decision the predence should always be given to do the right thing. It it vital to any company's long term success and reputation. This is an important quality that any company needs to steer organizanisation that wants to reach new paradigms, guide a company through its tough times. Such situations inevitably demand thorough and intense discussion between the leadership members of an organization. If during such discussion between company board members some members come up with an opinion A and another group come with opinion B then the onus of wise and decision favoring company's health lies on its top lead i.e. the CEO. These difficult circumstances can only be handled assiduosly by a leader who has skills to do a sound judgement and enforce it amongs his/her people.A companies long term health and progress can only be assured if it has one such leader which people can co-relate with the company. These very people become the brand ambassador of the organisations they lead. Microsoft and Bill Gates or Apple and Steve Jobs are synonyms names today. Entire world respects Microsoft and Apple for its excellent products and their contribution to the community. This could not have been possible if they would not have leaders like Steve Jobs. Steve Jobs even after being removed from APPLE came back to APPLE only because of the leadership skills and the mindset he had and we all know what brand APPLE is.There is a famous quote "If you walk along you will only grow small, if you want to grow big you should walk along with people". The leadership should also respect its peers and their opinions on any matter related to the organization. I would like to conclude that based on the different responses the decision which is good for company should be implemented by the leader.

Hi Everyone, This is my first post on urch and I recently took my second GRE practice test. Please find below my issue essay question stem along with the response. Please rate my response and kindly highlight my improvement areas. Thanks in advance. The city of Winston has two large department stores: Namen and Roscoe. Namen is known for its high-end designer fashions, while Roscoe is known for more affordable fashion options. Both Namen and Roscoe are each considering opening another store in the growing suburb of Salem, where the population has grown over 50% in the last three years and where the median income is $75,000. Namen’s executives argue that as population and median income increase, people are willing to spend more money on clothing. However, Roscoe’s executives believe that the suburbs are more family oriented, and therefore their store will be more profitable than their competitor Namen. Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendation is likely to have the predicted result. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recommendation. In this argument, it is stated that two stores in the city of Winston plan to expand their business and have their reasons to be successful in doing so. The conclusion of company Namen is based on the fact that increasing population and increasing median income hints at the possibility of people buying their high end apparel. On the contrary, the company Roscoe's conclusion rests on the premise that since most of the families living in the suburbs are more family oriented, they will be inclined to stay thrifty. The arguments rests on multiple assumptions that need to be answered in order to conclusively decide which company would benefit in the long run, and that can be done by answering the three questions asked below. Firstly, it is important to evaluate the argument based on statistical data since data provided at a higher level could reveal treacherous possibilities, if left unscathed. For example, the median percentage increase of $75000 in income could reveal a data plot that could be highly skewed in nature and thus be misleading. It is possible that few people had a huge rise in their incomes which lead to the above figure. In this case, the result would not be in favor of Namen. But if the income spread has gone up in a more well distributed manner, then it is possible that even conservative and family oriented people of Winston may start spending more. This would certainly benefit Roscoe. Thus it is very important to dive deeper into the details and the saying "the devil lies in the detail" fits seemingly well in this case to highlight an important assumption in the argument. Furthermore, the increase in population in the suburbs could also become a hub of many buyers but their purchasing power is not known. To answer this, it is important to consider other factors that have been scoped out of this argument and could play a vital role in the evaluation of the results. The growing population could have more liabilites such as increased taxes, child and healthcare etc. that would lead to decrease in purchasing power of the people even if their incomes go up the order. This would hamper Namen's idea of expanding in the suburbs of Winston. A decrease or constant rate of the above mentioned extraneous factors could also mean that families are able to afford the high end clothing offered by Namen and would support Roscoe's plan. Thus answering the above is also an important to evaluate the argument. Finally, changing times could also cause a change in the outlook of people and people being in a family oriented state of mind could change their mind with changing times. To elaborate, if the upcoming generations want to buy high end clothes, then irrespective of their financial position, they will try to buy clothes at Namen. But if the trend continues, then Roscoe has a great chance of succeeding among the expanding suburban areas of Winston. In conclusion , the argument, as it stands, rests on multiple assumptions that are unanswered and play a vital role in driving decisions for the companies mentioned in the argument. If the companies decide to expand their scope of vision and eliminate the uncertainities with more expedient research and analysis, decision making would certainly be eased out for them. The above mentioned three questions are probing enough to evaluate the crux of the argument and unless substantial evidence is put forth to answer the questions asked, it is difficult to evaluate the argument and the proposed recommendations.

Technology, while apparently aimed to simplify our lives, only makes our lives more complicated. Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position. People Should use technology on their necessity, not to submerge in it to spoil themselves. Thousands of years ago when human first discovered the use of fire that was the first incident of using technology. That invention made them stronger against wild beast, also human used it for cooking. That was the first evidence of using technology to make life easy, but now Technogym is more complicated and creating convoluted lifestyle. For example, the mobile phone was invented with the purpose to have a conversation even on the go. But now people are not using the phone only for talking, but also for gaming, social media, watching videos etc. which make them addicted to it. That makes life complicated instead of easier. Another thing is that people are becoming lazy because of technology. They are now can order food, shopping or buying something from online which inhibit them to go outside. After the discovery of internet Americans become more obese than before. People are now failing to burn minimum calorie they need to fit themselves. The primary purpose of social media was to make people closer to each other even if they can't meet them in real life. Instead of that, people are becoming more isolated and become depressive. There should be no doubt that technology makes life easier, but people should understand that purpose of that technology and should refrain it, from the abuse of that technology. There was a story that a magician taught his son how to drive a broomstick for cleaning home. His son learned spell command incantation, but didn't know how to stop the broomstick. Technology doing, the same thing to humans. Technology, while apparently aimed to simplify our lives, only makes our lives more complicated. Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position. People Should use technology on their necessity, not to submerge in it to spoil themselves. Thousands of years ago when human first discovered the use of fire that was the first incident of using technology. That invention made them stronger against wild beast, also human used it for cooking. That was the first evidence of using technology to make life easy, but now Technogym is more complicated and creating convoluted lifestyle. For example, the mobile phone was invented with the purpose to have a conversation even on the go. But now people are not using the phone only for talking, but also for gaming, social media, watching videos etc. which make them addicted to it. That makes life complicated instead of easier. Another thing is that people are becoming lazy because of technology. They are now can order food, shopping or buying something from online which inhibit them to go outside. After the discovery of internet Americans become more obese than before. People are now failing to burn minimum calorie they need to fit themselves. The primary purpose of social media was to make people closer to each other even if they can't meet them in real life. Instead of that, people are becoming more isolated and become depressive. There should be no doubt that technology makes life easier, but people should understand that purpose of that technology and should refrain it, from the abuse of that technology. There was a story that a magician taught his son how to drive a broomstick for cleaning home. His son learned spell command incantation, but didn't know how to stop the broomstick. Technology doing, the same thing to humans.

Especially for those of you who are in or have gone through pre-doctoral RAships, what would you say are the best ones (NBER, university, Fed, JPAL, etc.) in terms of being able to be placed into a good program (again, when paired with good grades and coursework in undergrad)? Many people who ask this come from small liberal arts colleges, and I think advice tailored to this subset of applicants would be useful. And any advice you would give to people who are just entering into these pre-doc RAships?

Issue: Although sound moral judgment is an important characteristic of an effective leader, it is not as important as a leader’s ability to maintain the respect of his or her peers. Content: Judging soundly the moral characteristics and maintaing the respect of peers are not same thing for a leader . Firstly, Judging moral characteritics gives the leader a unique quality that how fine he can give a decision regarding a factor . People can recognize a leader through the observation of his judging capabilities by this way . Again people also able to know how moral judgemental facts lies inside that leader. Its helps to bring enough faith for a leader if one is right in his ethics,norms and responsibilities. A leader himself know him better than outside people,thus applying moral characteristics during judgement of a issue is very important. Ensuring equal right for all people can only be get when a jugde is at its best ,right and responsible mood. Only in this situation authentic decision regarding a issue can be find from a judge. On the other hand, It is not the only responsibility for a judge to give moral judgement but also to respect his peers . Respecting the fellows is an important factor in a human life . Because its not everything that i am performing my duties , so thats all. But one judge should also have a corner in his mind for respecting his peers. It will give him the accceptability to the mass people .People will be happy with such behave from judge because it satisfies their expected demand. Though it is found that many of our leader dont recognize the people after going to top managerial position , thus from this situation ,getting proper judgement become tough sometimes. If a judge remember in his mind that , we all are people of same flesh blood , so we should respect each other .And only when we can culture this in our mind and daily life ,we can be a real human being. So,we should all try to be a good human while most of us try to be a leader and wants money,power . But being a true leader with moral characteristics and good respect to the peers will make a leader a perfect leader with enough human qualities. We will shoutly then tell , its a true leader .

(Question is there in the attachments) A leader is an individual who is charge of a number of individuals, institution, or an organization. As such, he must possess certain qualities to be successful or effective. the more important of these qualities are excellent moral judgment and the respect of his peers. while it is necessary for a leader to command the respect of their peers, it is even more essential that they are someone with sound moral judgment. A leader who emphasizes on morals will do what is best for their people. consider the example of the leader of a nation. they might make a policy decision that immensely benefits their subjects, but costs the government coffers a large sum of money. one such example would be free healthcare. while taxes would rise for the people, they would obtain reliefs in healthcare payments. this policy may be ridiculed by the leader's opponents or even other party members, but it ultimately worked towards the greater good. Role models play a huge part in influencing the choices people make. A morally sound leader always strives to uphold a certain standard, regarding ethics and general well-being. They are aware that their subjects or employees look to them for guidance and direction. if the leader can positively influence their lives, he will have made the world a better place for future generations. consider a company's CEO. if he chooses to follow a policy of never being late to work, the employees will also strive to emulate this behaviour. this will increase the productivity of the company. a leader with such qualities can change the mindset of his peers as well. many a time, other leaders have selfish, profit-minded motivations, which may be detrimental to people around them. A CEO may only think about his dividends from the company, while paying his employees the minimum wage. A fellow industry leader with morals will be pivotal in showing him the error of his ways. Many leaders today take pay cuts themself just to maintain the salaries of their employees. While it is essential for a leader to have sound moral judgment, it can be detrimental to them at times. due to his staunch beliefs, a leader may alienate himself from his peers. for example, in a board meeting a majority is required for making certain decisions. A leader who lacks the support of his peers may not be able to enact certain policies he proposes. It is evident that an effective leader must possess moral judgment which is beyond reproach. this will benefit himself as well as the people around him.

Hey all, I am waitlisted at my top choice but will be allowed to join the virtual visit along with admitted people. Along with the virtual visit I will be talking to some professors individually on skype. I'm assuming these talks are mostly just to introduce myself and my research interests and to discuss how they might fit in as a potential mentor if I get in. Are there any other things I should be aware of, or good potential questions to ask beyond the obvious ones? I do want to make a good impression so that if they do start taking people off the waitlist they think of me.

With application results coming in, what do people think is best to do if you get into a safety school, but not one of your top choices? Does it make sense to attend the safety, but re-apply to the top choice in future years? Or is that too much a risk of burning bridges because you will need to ask for LORs from the people at the safety school?

Hello everyone! I am currently live in USA. I am a pharmacist graduated in Romania and would like to find other people that are or were in my situation. I am trying to get my papers from the university ready to submit them to ECE. It is not that easy to get the documents the way USA is asking because the public services in my home country are bad and would like you know how other people hand this issue. Thank you very much and hope everyone is having a great day !

In Britain, when someone gets old they often go to live in a home with other old people where there are nurses to look after them. Sometimes the government has to pay for this care.Who do you think should pay for this care, the government or the family? Retirement homes are the first choice for old people. Such facilities are very important in the millennial era, since both genders pursue their careers leaving their elderly home with no needed nursing. Usually, the cost for the retirement homes are bared by the children. However, in some cases government has to pay for the care. I believe that the cost of this care should be bared solely by the government for several reasons. In the first place, old people served their country during their young age and to repay for their services, government should cover any charges needed to give them a healthy and stress-free retired life. Many families are unable to cover such hefty prices charged by these homes, leaving the old people home alone and unattended. In some cases, families lost their elderly as they were unattended at home and did not have the chance to call for emergency services. Furthermore, elderly people are unable to socialize with younger age group. With the current advancement in technology, lifestyle changes are frequent and elder people are unable to cope up with it. This results in stress and introspective behavior. Since this is a problem faced by mass population in Britain, government should bare the charges and keep the physical and mental health of their old voters strong. In conclusion, I would like to mention again that although these old people are not contributing much to the economy, but their efforts and hard work during their service years can not be neglected. Hence, the government must ensure to cover all the charges for the elders living in retirement homes.

I know that a lot of people work as an RA for 2 years before they apply for PhD programs. How common is it for people to have co-author and have a top-3 Finance publication while working as an RA? Is this a realistic expectation to have? And conditional on having such a publication, how much does it help with the applications?

Hi, I am applying for Phd in environmental economics this year. Need help and support from this forum . Also i can help the people in this forum as much as possible.

Just wanted to introduce myself. My name is Daniel and I wanted to say hello to everyone in these forums. Looking to connect to as many people as possible.

The most important component of a society is the people who form it, nevertheless at the same time being influenced by the settings under which it forms. Rural and urban settings influence differences in a society in terms of the economic conditions and the way people lead their lives and interact with one another. In many parts of the world, villages are heavily dependent on agriculture and animal husbandry as the chief source of income and such activities usually thriving on the cooperation from a body of people working together. Thus, the bucolic pastoral villages often provides an insight to inter-human connections building up a society. It is the perfect mirror of co-existence and cooperation keeping society together as a unit. However, villages are less successful as representatives to dynamism of which cities are apt as examples. Life in cities is fast moving. Residents hold jobs, both in organized and unorganized sectors. Hence, it’s common to find employees of an MNC commuting to their workplaces on the same vehicle as a peddler and florist. What cities offer is diversity in terms of occupation of people and how it reflects upon the economy and behavior of people. However, none of the two settings is a complete representative of a society, often overlapping with each other. To get the holistic picture, it will be relevant to have an understanding of both.