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Please help explain solving this question; A dishonest dealer marks up the price of all his goods by 25% and gives a discount of 10% to the customer. Besides, he also cheats both his supplier and buyer by 100 grams while buying or selling 1 kilogram. Find the percentage profit earned by the shopkeeper. OPTIONS 1) 37.5% 2) 25% 3) 32.5% 4) 27.5% I got the initial multipliers down as (1.25)(0.9) which I finally recently learned from a Magoosh flashcard. Rest of the description on cheating a 100g from each 1000g and how to apply that to P=R-C is where I am having the difficulty.

The following appeared as part of an article in a business magazine. "A recent study rating 300 male and female Mentian advertising executives according to the average number of hours they sleep per night showed an association between the amount of sleep the executives need and the success of their firms. Of the advertising firms studied, those whose executives reporting needing no more than 6 hours if sleep per night had higher profit margins and faster growth. These results suggest that if a business wants to prosper, it should hire only people who need less than 6 hours of sleep per night." Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted. The argument is trying to correlate the numbers of hours a person sleeps to the efficiency of his or her work using some facts, which might seem probable and logical at the beginning. But if the argument is scrutinized then, one can find that the base of the claim is very misleading. Firstly, the author has pointed about a survey which he claims that is recent and he also states that the survey has rated 300 female and male executives of Mentian Advertising Company. The text hasn't mentioned anything about the time of the survey because recent might include 2 months or even a year. And the author hasn't mentioned anything about the age or the experience of the executives who were rated in the survey. It is possible that the survey included only young people and since they are young, they might have the energy to work even with lesser hours of sleep. Sleep is a necessary for every human and many scientists have deduced that 6 hours of sleep is nominal for every human being because it rejuvenates the human body and it makes the person fresh and zestful. Secondly, the author has claimed that the executives who have slept for less than six hours have contributed to the success for the firm. But the author has failed to take into account neither the number of years of experience of the company nor the projects that were at their hands of the company. If the company is well established then they would have lots of experience and the executives would also know how to handle crunch situations. The company might also have a bigger project in their hands and this single project might have led to increase in their success of their firms. Thirdly, the author hasn't mentioned about the number of working hours of these executives during the survey period. If the executives were asked to work for more than 12 hours per day then, it is possible that they would complete their works swiftly leading to higher success rate. The author has also mentioned about the higher profit margin of their company has increased during the survey period and he claims that these 300 executives are responsible for it. But the profit margin is not set by these executives as the quotation is sent only by the higher officials. It is possible that these 300 executives include only low grade workers and these workers would only have completed their tasks on time or even much earlier. But correlating the profit margin to the work of the executive is not logical. Finally, the author has strongly inferred that for a company to be successful they should hire only people who sleep for less than 6 hours a day. So, if the company keeps this as one of the selection criterion then many of talented people might end up losing the job. This would in turn affect the company's growth because if they are rejecting a person solely based only on the criterion that he sleeps more than 6 hours a day, then they are making a foolish mistake. The author doesn't think about the people who are lethargic in their work but they might be very much efficient in their own ways. As Bill Gates has once said, "I would hire a lazy person because he would find an easy way to solve a problem". So sleep is not the only factor that a company should take in consideration while hiring a person. So, the text is flawed and these points would undermine the text completely.

Hello, Could you please provide you opinion on the following argument analysis? I would be much obliged. If you're have any essays calling for reviewing, feel free to post a corresponding link below, and I'll happily provide my criticism on one of them. Argument: The following is a memorandum from the sales director to the president of the Healthy-and-Good food company. "A recent study indicates that Venadial, a new margarine currently produced only in the country of Alta, actually reduces cholesterol levels. Derived from the resin of pine trees, Venadial works by activating a metabolic response that is not yet well understood. However, cholesterol levels fell ten to fifteen percent among participants in the study who consumed Venadial daily, and the risk of heart attack by one-third. In addition, the new margarine is so popular that stores in Alta are unable to keep it on their shelves. Therefore, if our company obtains the exclusive right to sell Venadial internationally, our profits are sure to increase substantially within a very short time." Analysis: The general writer's claim in the provided argument is that the margarine Venadial actually reduces cholesterol levels. As a conclusion, the writer suggests that obtaining the right to sell this margarine internationally would bring substantial profit in a very short time. The writer provides results of some research of the margarine, which are supposed to support the general claim. However, neither these research results support the general claim, nor the conclusion about a significant potential profit are well-supported, as the following analysis reveals. The first writer's argument in favor of healthiness of the margarine is that the cholesterol levels fell from ten to fifteen percent and the risk of heart attack by one-third among participants who consumed Venadial daily. From these data it is impossible to conclude definitely that the margarine is healthy. For one thing, the mentioned percents may hide quite small numbers, if the size of the overall study group is small. If so, than the example of people participating in the testing is not representative. Also, there is no data about cholesterol levels of participants who consumed the margarine not daily. Maybe, their cholesterol levels would significantly differ from those of daily margarine consumers. The second argument in favor of the Venadial margarine is that stores in Alta are unable to keep it on their shelves, thus indicating enormous margarine's popularity. This logic is fallacious, because the lack of margarine of the shelves of Alta shops does not necessarily indicates margarine's popularity. For instance, this kind of margarine may be perishable, and margarine supplies are deferred by the manufacturer. Also, shops may not want to buy this margarine because of its dubious effect on its consumer's health. Finally, the writer suggests that obtaining an exclusive right to sell Venadial internationally would bring substantial profit in a very short period of time. Even if it had been proven that Venadial is healthy, the promises of enormous profits in a short period of time are groundless. First of all, there is no guarantee that people in the target selling area would buy Venadial, as well as any other margarine. Some people may not like margarine at all, while others may be repulsed by the extremely high margarine price, from which the company is also not protected; there is no any data concerning Venadial production cost. What is more, the offer to sell Venadial internationally requires consideration of others countries import policies. It is probable that the matter of which Venadial is made of, is treated as illegal for import in the counties of potential export. To summarize, neither the writer supports the claim that the Venadial margarine is healthy, nor he or she supports the conclusion that selling it abroad exclusively would bring significant profit in a short period of time. Thus, the provided argument is inconclusive and should be revised. To strengthen the argument, it is highly necessary to provide detailed medical tests of the margarine, since in the argument, the writer states that the effect of Vendial on health is still unresearched. Even without regarding profit it would bring, the product should be safe for health. Additionally, the effectiveness of the margarine in fighting against hearth diseases should be explored, since selling safe but not efficient product would not necessarily bring considerable profit. Finally, a rigidly devised business plan should be proposed in order to claim anything concerning the size of potential profits and the terms of their obtaining. Thanks in advance. -- Victor