mastyogi

i think ETS people consider TOEFL essay and AWA essay similar and as for TOEFL essay they spend average 3-4 min / essay ofcourse it a wild guess!!!

Thank you guys......one more problem......i am quite confused about how the unives are going to valuate AWA scores.....????....my GPA is quite good .....and where can i find resources for writing SOP??? please do reply.. regards yogi

hello.... i am very disappointed with my performance......400 verbal and 700 quant....writing was relatively good......some people told me its an average score.....my TOEFL score is satisfactory.....230-290.....i am totally confused .....please help me.....should i retake the test or should i apply with the same score???? erin and rest of the gang please....pretty plz help me regards, yogi

hi dev what do we generally associate "fighter" planes with? I guess they are not used to spray insectcides. It is possible to change the "look" of fighter planes but why to do so at all? If you read the argument carefully you will understand the flow of the idea of non-voilence. yogi

218. The following appeared in a memorandum from the president of Hyper-Go Toy Company. "Last year, sales of our Fierce Fighter toy airplane declined sharply, even though the toy had been a top seller for three years. Our customer surveys show that parents are now more worried about youthful violence and are concerned about better education for their children. Therefore, to maintain profits we should discontinue all our action toys and focus exclusively on a new line of educational toys. Several other toy companies have already begun marketing educational toys and report sales increases last year of 200 percent. And since the average family income is growing, sales of new Hyper-Go toys should also increase." The argument is based on memorandum from the president of Hyper-Go Toy Company suggesting change in the strategy because of decline in the sales of one of the products. The evidence provided in support the argument is not expository enough to come to final conclusion. Hence I am inclined to oppose the author’s claims. Firstly the writer mentions about sharp decline in the sale of Fierce Fighter, which had been the top seller for last three years. One can conclude from the later part that the market is saturated with the product under consideration. This could be one of the reasons of decline in the sales. Secondly the author claims that parents are now worried about youthful violence. This analysis is based on customer survey. Here the time span of the survey is not provided. It is possible that the survey was carried out long time back; hence the statistics by the survey become inadequate to give actual facts. Therefore without sufficient evidence this point is relatively unimportant. Further the memo suggests that company should change focus to new line of educational toys. This conclusion is also based on the survey and proves immaterial. Author has mentioned about other toy makers who have started marketing educational toys and the sales are 200 percent high. Because many other companies are marketing educational toys; competition could be high. Therefore more study will be helpful before changing the strategy. And because of high sales in educational toys, it is possible that other companies have completely given up marketing toys like Fierce Fighter. Hence because of relatively less number of companies in the market, there is chance of increase in sales of the Fierce Fighter. Further the memo says that there is increase in the average family income, the company can expect more sales. Here expository evidence is not given. Finally it will be ill logical to change the focus to educational toys because of decrease in sales of one single product. It is possible that the sales of some other product are increasing. In the view of above points is can be summarized that the argument has failed in providing necessary information and is flawed in some aspects.

Hi Amigo, Sorry to say but i posted the same writing twice!!! I have corrected the mistake, please review it now. Thankyou, Yogi

Hi xaero, Thankyou indeed for the comments!!! I have also observed that all the arguments are No-No type. Ironically if you read my other essays then you will observe that this is my first essay in which I actually agree with the author. And to be frank enough I wanted to write a argument which I can support to some extent. But thankyou very much for the suggestions. Please evaluate my other essay topics also. Regards, Yogi

Please scale the argument on basis of structure, connotation, reasoning etc. 205. The following appeared in a recommendation from the president of Amburg's Chamber of Commerce. "Last October the city of Belleville installed high intensity lighting in its central business district, and vandalism there declined almost immediately. The city of Amburg has recently begun police patrols on bicycles in its business district but the rate of vandalism there remains constant. Since high intensity lighting is apparently the most effective way to combat crime, we should install such lighting throughout Amburg. By reducing crime in this way, we can revitalize the declining neighborhoods in our city." The writer is concerned about revitalizing the declining neighborhoods in Amburg city. The solution provided by the author is based on success experienced by the city of Belleville by installing high intensity lighting. The argument claims that when city of Belleville installed high intensity lighting in its central business district, the vandalism declined almost immediately. The crime rates or incidents of vandalism observed in any area depend on many factors such as rates of unemployment, quality of lifestyle. Also the efficiency of the law enforcing agencies dramatically affects the crime rates. Strict laws help the police and the courts to provide safety to citizens. High intensity of illumination is undoubtedly important. It assures safety to peoples living in the area. But regular patrols supplementing the illuminated areas are also necessary. Other factors, which can invigorate vandalism in any particular area like some political or social problems, are not mentioned. The possibility of such incident happening in city of Belleville need to be studied to find out actual reasons for causes of vandalism. Secondly the argument says that in the city of Amburg despite of regular patrols the rates of vandalism have not decreased. The actual strength of police force is not mentioned. Therefore it is possible that the police force is inadequate for the city. Hence because clear evidence it will be ill logical to say that regular patrols are inefficient. Further the patrolling parties are provided with bicycles. It does not seems to be a very effective measure of patrolling. A patrolling party might take more time to reach the crime scene. So this is one possible reason for ineffectiveness of the regular patrols. If the patrols are regular and time bound then it is easy for the criminals to anticipate the time and area of patrols. The best way could be to have more frequent patrols at changing times. On the whole only by illuminating the business area with high intensity lighting cannot provide the solution for the problem of vandalism. More concrete measures are necessary along with illumination of area and regular patrols.

Hello Erin and rest, Can anyone please tell me where can I find university ranking list? What is the procedure after I will finish my GRE? TO how many universities TSE will send my schore and how? Sincerely, Yogi

47. Scientists studying historical weather patterns have discovered that in the mid-sixth century, Earth suddenly became significantly cooler. Although few historical records survive from that time, some accounts found both in Asia and Europe mention a dimming of the sun and extremely cold temperatures. Either a huge volcanic eruption or a large meteorite colliding with Earth could have created a large dust cloud throughout Earth's atmosphere that would have been capable of blocking enough sunlight to lower global temperatures significantly. A large meteorite collision, however, would probably create a sudden bright flash of light, and no extant historical records of the time mention such a flash. Some surviving Asian historical records of the time, however, mention a loud boom that would be consistent with a volcanic eruption. Therefore, the cooling was probably caused by a volcanic eruption. The argument is about atmospheric changes that occurred during the mid-sixth century, when it is assumed that earth temperature of earth suddenly decreased significantly. In support the claim the reference of some historic records survive from that time. In those records some mention about dimming of sun is made. According to the argument these records are from both Europe and Asia. The main question could be are the records found reliable enough to come to any conclusion? Scientifically speaking dimming of sun is possible. It might occur spontaneously or gradually. The decrease in the intensity of radiation is possible which might have happened at that time and that can cause drastic changes in earths atmosphere, as sun is the only source of energy that earth has. Therefore the first point is valid enough to accept the claim about reduction in earth’s temperature. Further a possibility of some volcanic activity is taken in to account. As some active volcanos are still present on earth’s surface so it is possible that in old times there were numbers of active volcano’s, which were active. In any volcanic activity large amount of ash and lava (molten earth) is ejected from volcano’s mouth. Therefore in view of all these points this possibility also cannot be ruled out. Same is the case of some meteorite colliding with earth surface. Meteorites are extraterrestrial matters floating in the space. It has been observed that meteorites travel at tremendous velocity. At such high speeds they could be very destructive. Of course the size also has to be taken in to account. Hence the second possible reason mentioned for restricting the solar energy reaching from earth seems valid. But there are some aspects, which need to be accounted. One of them is, as said in the argument there would be large bang after a collision of large meteorite. There is no significant evidence available in the records that will support such incident. Another point is if the meteorite was very large then nothing on earth would have survived so we can say that the records available counterfeit or based on unreal phenomenon. Therefore the event of meteorite collision can be ruled out. In the view of the above points the only possibility that could explain the changes in earths climate and which seems logical is volcanic activities. Therefore I am inclined to support the author’s point that the cooling was probably caused by a volcanic eruption.

187. "It is easy to welcome innovation and accept new ideas. What most people find difficult, however, is accepting the way these new ideas are put into practice." Innovation and implementation are the two wheels of vehicle to success. Without anyone of them the vehicle will be useless. Means both innovation of new ideas and the implementation of those ideas are equally important. Only innovation is not sufficient and applications or implementations compliment the ideas. There is long history of innovation and also numerous examples to decorate the success story. Innovation is embedded in the human psyche. The mother of innovation is need and our needs are increasing daily. We have learnt to prosper in this small world by becoming more and more innovative. Because of this creative and sometimes destructive innovation we are the most dominant species on earth. The invention of various modes of transportation could be the best example of innovation. As our population increased we felt the need to discover new land. For this we invented cars, railroads, airplanes, etc. Today space travel is also possible and thanks to space research. Here we felt the need and we invented the solutions. Wright brothers first invented crude means of flying. Their efforts were neglected initially. But today’s giant commercial airlines are evident of the success. It is clear that the application of the innovation is as important as the invention. But there are some aspects where innovation or new ideas is well accepted but there are controversies when it comes to putting them in practice. The research in field of genetics is being done in various universities and research facilities. Now it is possible to produce genetically similar animals. Dolly is one of the examples of it. The chromosomes are altered to produce genetically similar species. We have genetically modified food grains, which are resistant to disease and have high nutrition value. Research is being made to clone the human being. Here the application of the research in actual practice is debatable. Lot of money and efforts are made available. But some people think it is against the nature and are against to use it in actual practice. If the correct practical use is not possible then all this will go in vain. This example is very effectual to express the point that accepting the ideas is very easy but when it comes to actually applying the ideas we become hesitant. And the reason could be insufficient knowledge of the topic or lack of farsighted thinking. Another example is of nuclear fuels. We have invented various ways to use the nuclear power. Right now it could be the alternative source of energy for the conventional sources. Undoubtedly there are hazardous effects of nuclear material and because of this the environmentalists are opposing the use of nuclear fuels. Completely abolishing an idea without scrutiny will be very ill logical. Here again the invention is made but use is not accepted. In the view of above points I can summarize that innovation is must but at the same time equal emphasis should be given towards awareness of its practical use for well being of earthlings. As I have said before application of idea compliments the innovation without proper acceptance of the innovated idea it is useless.

Hi Amigo, Thankyou for the comments. They are very helpful indeed! The mistake aegarding "astrologists" is grave one. Actually my intention was to emphasize the involvement of astronauts and their exhausting training etc. Thankyou again. Other points are also good. Please review my other essays. Bye

30. "The primary goal of technological advancement should be to increase people's efficiency so that everyone has more leisure time." Twenty-first century witnessed tremendous industrial as well as scientific development. These days we travel in supersonic aero planes, we have cars which can travel faster and faster, we eat diet food, can communicate with anyone anywhere, we can see our very own beautiful earth from the sky, and for all this we should thank today’s advanced technology! The technology has advanced to overwhelming heights in the last century and the development is going on at lights pace. The era of industrial development started with the need for more and more production for increasing demand. New sources of energy are developed to satisfy the growing energy need. As a by-product of industrial development the need for raw materials also increased. Therefore overall, we went on to live more lavish life. The example, which will best explain the scenario, is the introduction of assembly line by Henry Ford. This completely changed the industrial world. In later part of century robots replaced the human workers. Ironically today most of the industrial work is being done with the help of robots. But again there are two sides of the coin. Firstly because of helping hands of robots in every kind of work we get more time from our work. It is just the matter of ordering or to be technical giving command to the robot and within sometime the work is done for us. These days the technology has advanced to such heights that very delicate works like heart or brain surgeries are done with the help of robots. The work which took days to complete now need just fraction of seconds. In this way the overall efficiency is increased with the help of technology. Therefore we can summarize that because of advancement of technology we get to have more leisure time. The other side of the coin is apparently hazardous. Because of advancement in technology like introduction of robots, has caused increase in rates of unemployment. In developed countries especially, the number of job cuts is significant enough to tell the truth. In under developed countries of Asia the problem of unemployment is very big. Consequently the crime rates have risen to it peaks. If we talk about the trend about spending luxury time then the problems like drug abuse comes in to picture. The luxury time is not always spent for good beneficial purposes or at least without causing any problems to the environment. When we say the technology is to benefit human being, we must anticipate the bitter consequences of it as well. Therefore technology must advance for good of mankind, to increase his efficiency, to provide him with more leisure time. At the same time equal emphasis must be given towards avoiding the ill effects of advancement of technology.

150. The following is a letter to the editor of an environmental magazine. "The decline in the numbers of amphibians worldwide clearly indicates the global pollution of water and air. Two studies of amphibians in Yosemite National Park in California confirm my conclusion. In 1915 there were seven species of amphibians in the park, and there were abundant numbers of each species. However, in 1992 there were only four species of amphibians observed in the park, and the numbers of each species were drastically reduced. The decline in Yosemite has been blamed on the introduction of trout into the park's waters, which began in 1920 (trout are known to eat amphibian eggs). But the introduction of trout cannot be the real reason for the Yosemite decline because it does not explain the worldwide decline." At first glance it seems obvious that water and air pollution could be the cause of decline in the number amphibians worldwide. Pollution is always harmful to any living species on earth. I am inclined to oppose the argument that there is worldwide decline in number of amphibian population because the evidence provided in support of this claim in the letter is not satisfactory and concrete. The evidence is based on studies of amphibians in Yosemite national park. It says, there were seven species of amphibians in the park in 1915 with abundant number of animals of each species. In 1992 only four species were found. Firstly the study was done only in Yosemite Park, so the claim of the argument that there is worldwide decline in amphibian population could incorrect and more study in other area is necessary before coming to any conclusion. Also the specific word ‘extinct’ is not used about the three of the seven species. Therefore it is possible that because of some ecological change like drought or over abundance of some species, their population has been declining. Apparently no justification is provided about factors affecting the animal life of that area. Secondly the letter says that introduction of trout (a kind of fish which eats amphibian eggs) is responsible for decline in number of amphibians. As said this reason is limited for the Yosemite Park. Here also there is no evidence in support of global decline in number of amphibians. Instead the statement is self-contradictory and could be used against the claim of the letter about pollution. There could be other similar reasons for the decline other than water and pollution. Therefore in the view of above points, the claim that pollution of air and water is responsible for global decline in amphibian population is ill logical and made without sufficient study of the area.

Hi Erin, I am desperatly looking for someone to review my essay so to know where do i stand!!!!! will you please help me????? regards, yogi