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These are great questions. Seriously. There are a lot of different ways to look at your questions; you are asking advanced questions that show a good understanding already of language and how it functions. First off, there are two sets of names for independent vs dependent clauses; a lot of teachers prefer main and subordinate, respectively. I will use those terms while I'm explaining. The first point to wrap your head around is that a clause is a subject and a verb together. If you can understand that, awesome. I had a teacher once who said a clause is a sentence. There's more to it than that, but that's the basic idea--a subject and a verb. Personally, I don't think about this 'complete thought' nonsense because who defines a complete thought? (Is not Yikes! a complete thought?) Next point: main vs subordinate. 'main' just means that that sentence carries more weight in the sentence; the subordinate clause is less important. Here is a summary I use in class: All clauses have at least a subject and verb. Main clause = independent clause Subordinate clause = dependent clause Note the perhaps-subtle differences in these sentences: (You may wish to say them aloud to hear the difference as well.) - I’m tired, but I’ll help you. (Both clauses are main; each clause arguably has the same weight.) - Even though I’m tired, I’ll help you. (The emphasis here is on 'I'll help you' because that's the main clause; this means the speaker sounds kinder with their offer of help. The 'tired' part is subordinated, so it has less weight in the sentence.) - Even though I’ll help you, I’m tired. (In this one, the speaker emphasizes the fact that they're tired because that information appears in the main clause; in this case, the speaker seems less willing to help. The information about the offer of help is subordinated, so it's less important.) Third point: It's important to know that subordinate clauses can be grouped by function--noun clause, adjective clause (also called a relative clause), and adverb clause. This basically means that each clause can function as a noun, adjective, or adverb, respectively. Quick examples: 1. Noun clause: [That you are hungry] is apparent. 2. Adjective clause: I saw the movie [that you recommended]. 3. Adverb clause: I will help you [when I get home]. A quick trick is to plug in a noun, adjective, or adverb into the sentences to see how each functions grammatically; for example: 1. Your hunger is apparent. 2. I saw the recommended movie. 3. I will help you later. These sentences sound different from the versions with clauses instead of phrases, but they help show how the clauses function in the sentences. Does this help shed some light? I could write more on the matter, but I'm trying to keep it as concise as I can!

Dear all, What are the independent (I) and dependent (D) clauses in these sentences and why? A. The scientist found (I) that the reaction was unusual (D). B. She heard (I) that the investment had paid off (D). C. The result of our work was (I) that our wealth grew (D). D. It seems (I) as if this result demonstrates the new theory (D). As you know, an independent clause is one that conveys a complete thought, whereas a dependent clause is one that does not. A clause contains both a subject and a verb. I understand that some of the dependent clauses, marked by template starting words, also function as direct objects of the sentences. In questions A,B, and D, the sections marked as dependent clauses, which start here with subordinate conjunctions, function as direct objects of the sentences. In question C, the section marked as the dependent clause functions as a subject complement. I am a bit confused by the markings as they do not conform to these clausal definitions. I would very much appreciate a clarification on these pressing issues. Thank you for your review and consideration.

Yeah. Ans will be D because, carefully notice, there is "increase in annual salary" but not mentioned any.

American econ PhD programs don't much care what area your undergraduate degree was in.

Unfortunately, Toulouse M1 require a bachelor's in economics, thus I have little chance of getting in with my Business Administration degree. Do you think that excelling in master's in Economics in Rotterdam would be more beneficial for my future PhD admissions, than being 70th percentile of RoME/Bocconi etc.? Furthermore, I was researching more universities where I would meet requirements, however most of them are ultra-selective programmes, such as Oxford Mphill in economics etc. How much disadvantaged I am compared to a normal BSc in Econ student because of my BBA? Are my good grades worth anything compared to person with Bsc in Economics/Econometrics? I tried to go to Master's fairs, where I got invited to interviews with good schools, however always to their business sections, that do not offer Master's in Economics. Is it even possible for me to get a good (top 30) PhD placement with BBA on my CV?

Hi. Note that CEMFI and Bocconi is very competitive, so it will be a hard work to become a top-3 student there. Also from what I've heard Bocconi faculty is biased towards Italians in US PhD placing. RoME is in decline after a couple of good US PhD placement rounds. But remember that it is better to become top-1/2 in mediocre school than top-10 in superb school, but also don't forget to compare median placement of superb school with that of mediocre school. And you can also consider some French schools (like Toulouse).

As a politician there are many areas that I want to work on. In this specific area I want to help victims of crimes get the proper justice that they deserve. Sometimes if a crime is so awful the proper justice would be to make sure that the criminal receives the death penalty and not in life in prison for their crime. I find advocating that a criminal receives the death penalty very meaningful and I feel passionate about it when it comes to good victims. However when it comes to bad victims or a situations when there is a large amount of people and there potentially might be bad victims I feel like I can't fully trust my judgment because I fear there might be bad people in the situation. I feel like right now instead of just looking at certain crimes and figuring out the proper punishment I am using some sort of "moral authority" superpower to judge others. I want to figure out how to stop doing this as well. I find advocating that a criminal receive the death penalty is something that I find meaningful and am passionate about when it comes to good victims. However when it comes to bad victims I am finding it hard to have the same meaning and passion. Also, I think the issue to is that since I don't know any of the victims I have a fear that some of them might have been bad people so my passion and meaning are going to the wrong people. However even if they are bad how can I serve them like everyone else. I am wondering though how can I stop thinking of victims as good and bad to just be able to help everyone? Also, how can I stop using my "moral authority" superpower to judge others. How can I serve everyone with the same intent regardless of if they are good or bad? How can I stop judging people as good or bad and just help all victims the same way?

Hi folks, I'm in a bit of a dilemma about choosing the best possible math courses, given my constraints, in order to improve my profile for econ PhD admissions. Would really appreciate your advice on this. Background: Undergrad from a ~top university in India, MSc. from a ~top university in Europe. Unfortunately, no separate math classes during my MSc. During my undergrad, we had two 'mathematical methods for economists' (MME) courses which provide some basic training on most of the math topics one expects before a PhD: calculus, probability, linear algebra etc. However, the MME courses are not nearly as rigorous as standalone courses like Calc 1, 2, 3; linear algebra etc. Through a process of trial and error, I've learnt that I need to show separate credits for these math courses in my profile in order to be eligible for atleast decent econ PhD programs (aiming mostly for the U.S). I've been an RA for a little more than 3 years now, have a published co-authored paper (and working towards more), and strong references from the profs I work with. So the non-grade aspect of my profile is in decent shape. I also got a 166 in the GRE quant, which I took in December 2021. Current status: I began with real analysis from UIUC's NetMath program and scored decently well (got an A). I'm now taking calc 2 from Westcott Courses, which provides a credit from UMass Global (not my first choice but had no other viable option at the time). Dilemma: I'm torn between taking calc 3 vs. linear algebra after I'm done with calc 2. Ideally I'd like to take both but I only have until December till some deadlines close. I'm leaning more towards calc 3 because my research statement/SoP leans a bit more towards asking questions that might require a theoretical approach, in addition to empirical tools. I've also had a lot of exposure to intermediate/advanced econometrics and statistics in the course of my research work as an RA, and I developed a working understanding of concepts where I needed to. I'm wondering whether this could partially compensate for the lack of a separate linear algebra course in my profile. TL;DR: I have two possible bundles of math courses for signalling purposes in front of admissions committees: bundle A = {real analysis, calc 2, calc 3} and bundle B = {real analysis, calc 2, linear algebra}. I'm leaning towards A because I'm hoping my research experience might indicate a bit more familiarity with econometrics/statistics, and the calculus in calc 2+3 is what I need courses for. I only have a few months and a full-time job so doing both calc 3 and linear algebra is near impossible without getting bad grades. Which bundle do you think would make the most sense? Would really appreciate your advice on this.

Hello I'm a 3rd year Business Administration (specialization in Finance) bachelor student from a top University in Netherlands. I am planning to attend a Masters degree in Economics that would be a stepping stone to a good Phd in Economics. My GPA right now is 8.98/10 in dutch scale which will translate to 4.0 in US scale (at least that's what I found in my uni website) The relevant courses I took are (*- All letter grades are taken form my unis approximate transfer matrix from Dutch to US grades) Economics/Econometrics (42 EC) - Intro to Econ 1 9/10 ~ A+* (6 EC) - Intro to Econ 2 7.5/10 ~ A (6 EC) - Intermediate Econ 9/10 ~ A+ (6 EC) - Behavioral Econ 8.5/10 ~ A+ (6 EC) - Social and Econ Policies - TBD (6 EC) - Economic Methodology - TBD (6 EC) - Applied Econometrics - TBD (6 EC) Maths/Quantitative methods (18 EC) - Statistics and probability 1 9.5/10 ~ A+ (6 EC) - Statistics and probability 2 9.5/10 ~ A+ (6 EC) - Quant research methods 7.5/10 ~ A (6 EC) - Linear Optimization models - TBD (6 EC) Plus additionally 42 ECs in Finance At this moment Cemfi, RoME and Bocconi grabbed my attention, what are the chances to get in / get scholarships. What other masters should I consider applying to if my goal is to get into top Phd in Europe or US? I know that I most likely cannot apply to top programs in UK as they require Econ degree and specify that Business Administration will not be enough. I appreciate any response! Thank you in advance

A bad victim to me would be someone that intentionally mistreats others with there words and verbally abuses them or physically abuses them. Also, a bad victim to me would be someone who was going to become a bad person. Someone who was going to grow up to be a bad person in life. How can I help these controlling jealous boyfriends and verbally abusive people as well as criminals when they become the victims of crimes just like other good victims? Also, a jealous boyfriend who displays jealous, controlling, psycho behaviors when he is at the bar with his girlfriend. Like if any guy even gets near her or he sees her talking to them he gets very controlling and confrontational. This guy actually comes close to or is ready to fight with people who get near his girlfriend or talk to her. This guy is starting a fight or is willing to start one because he is controlling over his girlfriend. I have personally met a couple of bad men like this in bars who have tried to or were looking to start fights with me over their girlfriends. Also, verbally abusive people at the bad high school I went to. I would consider these people as bad victims for sure and I wouldn’t feel as successful helping them. Now if these jealous boyfriends who start fights with men at the bar and these verbally abusive people were in a different situation and became the victims of a major crime like a mass shooting, terrorist attack, etc. How am I suppose to help these people successfully like I would other good victims? Even though they didn’t deserve to have what happened to them I still would consider them bad victims because of their past behavior. I wouldn’t feel successful helping them as I would people that were actually good victims. Also, bad victims would also be murders, rapist, robbers and terrorist to me as well. I wouldn’t feel as successful helping these people as good victims to. How can I help these controlling jealous boyfriends and verbally abusive people as well as criminals when they become the victims of crimes just like other good victims?

looking for someone to study with. who is good in english.

Been awhile since I've been here, but I had amazingly got admittance and joined a PHD a few year back. Unfortunately I left after a year due to many issues including family illness but also issues with some faculty and having my desired research area changed. While I was excited and loved the program I was not fully prepared for what it entailed and when I started getting pushed into a different research area I wasn't in a position to fight or adapt so I left. I did not get close to any professors while there or keep in touch with them sadly since I was so stressed. Quitting the program was ultimately for the best since I was able to help care for my guardian and be with them when they passed 8 months after I left but going back has been on my mind ever since, I want to reapply and try again for a PhD but I'm not sure how to handle the fact that I left one already and also how to get new LORs. I had already struggled the first time and now I'm almost 10 years out of undergrad. I was wondering if I can ask my previous recommenders to be one again or if it would be weird. Also how do I address my leaving in my SOP and is it bad I don't have a rec from my prior program.

You should talk to the faculty at McGill who you are going to ask for letters of recommendation. Your graduate grades are superb, but your UW grades aren’t. So the McGill letters will be especially important.

Hello, I am a student interested in an economics Ph.D. program in the United States. Please review my profile and recommend some universities for me. Undergraduate School: University of Washington B.S Economomics: GPA: 3.47/4.0 for Major and Overall GRE Quan 168, Verval 162, Writing 4.5 Math courses: Calculus I,II, II ( 3.8 A-, 3.2 B+, 3.0 B) Differencial Equation(3.1 B), Linear Argibra (Pass credit), Advanced multivariable calculus(3.5 A-) Economics Course: Micro-Economics(3.4 B+), Macro-Economics(3.2 B+), Advanced Micro-economics (3.0 B), Advanced MicroEconomics(3.7 A-), International Finance (3.5 A-), Game Theory (3.4 B+), Prise-analysis (3.5 A-), Advanced econometrics (3.4 B+) Master Degree: Mcgill University M.A Economics GPA: 4.0/4.0 ( Progress, completed course work and writing paper) Courses: Macro Economics, Micro Economics, Time series Analysis, Quantative Method, Applied Cross-Sectional Methods, Applied computiional Economics, Economics of Natural Resources Working Expereince Teaching Assitant for a year.

Hello, I am a student interested in an economics Ph.D. program in the United States. Please review my profile and recommend some universities for me. Undergraduate School: University of Washington B.S Economomics: GPA: 3.47/4.0 for Major and Overall GRE Quan 168, Verval 162, Writing 4.5 Math courses: Calculus I,II, II ( 3.8 A-, 3.2 B+, 3.0 B) Differencial Equation(3.1 B), Linear Argibra (Pass credit), Advanced multivariable calculus(3.5 A-) Economics Course: Micro-Economics(3.4 B+), Macro-Economics(3.2 B+), Advanced Micro-economics (3.0 B), Advanced MicroEconomics(3.7 A-), International Finance (3.5 A-), Game Theory (3.4 B+), Prise-analysis (3.5 A-), Advanced econometrics (3.4 B+) Master Degree: Mcgill University M.A Economics GPA: 4.0/4.0 ( Progress, completed course work and writing paper) Courses: Macro Economics, Micro Economics, Time series Analysis, Quantative Method, Applied Cross-Sectional Methods, Applied computiional Economics, Economics of Natural Resources Working Expereince Teaching Assitant for a year.

Hi! I am interested in how to leverage AI and ML to research social issues at the system level (vs the organizational, team, or leader level). So for example, how to model poverty reduction (what has worked, hasn't, and what we should do at the system level). I have a masters in public policy, technology management, and my undergrad is in information systems. I have recently taken math and CS courses to bolster my background as well as the micromasters in data and economics at MITx. I have seen that Duke has a CS+econ masters, Chicago has computational public policy masters, and CMU has an ML+ public policy joint PhD. But given personal constraints, I prefer to stay in Atlanta and so am considering the masters CSE program at Georgia Tech, as well as the OMCS program there. Then later moving on to a PhD in either field, or even in econ or public policy or industrial engineering (econ analysis focus) or operations research. The CSE program is nice because it gives some flexibility on the electives and application areas, so I could tailor the coursework to my interdisciplinary interests (e.g., I could take the CSE core, and then take the micro and econometric PhD sequence). One constraint is that the research areas at Tech CSE/CS aren't aligned to mine, though there are econ and PP depts. A few questions based on what I shared: 1) are there programs, paths, people, or research centers that you recommend? or books? 2) if I were to create a tailored curriculum, what 10 courses would you recommend? Thanks in advance!

Thank you. Could you explain more? I mean why the answer is travel? maybe because travel refer to electromagnetic waves it should be plural Is that right?

travels is wrong.

Which one is false? And why? A lightning flash produces electromagnetic waves that may travels along the earth's magnetic field for long distances. A. A lightning B.that C.travels D.for long

Hello mirth! What happened? Where did you get accepted? I'm also applying with a BBA (and a MSc in Business Economics). My math and micro/macro are pretty weak and I was wondering about my chances. I would love to hear back from you

In general, intermediate is important. I expect your solid experience in econometrics will overcome that.

So you think lacking intermediate courses won't ruin my chances?

On the surface you seem to have an excellent shot at a T20. Deeper down you probably also have an excellent shot...but talk to the people writing your letters. In particular, talk to the faculty who have previously sent students on to the PhD.

I think misconstrue:interpret is the best option. If assess goes wrong it becomes misjudge like as if interpret goes wrong it becomes misconstrue