abhasjha

possibly this is my last post on the RC forum beacuse like Erin I have also got so many things to do .

For Ps36363, you answered 6th question incorrectly . Why did this happen? Possibly you did not have the proper theory required to answer main point questions . I have mentioned in my last to 12rk34 that you need to think like the creators of these tests (LSAT & GMAT) think. In a lot of main point questions and other questions ..... the answer choice also says something that is not true about the passage ..... In the 6th questions ..... the author does not claim that increased interdependence has triggered current laws, so this answer choice is incorrect. There are few more tricks that the creators of the test have in their arsanel to confuse the test takers . I wrote all this to prove that most of the GMAT aspirant do not read the right kind of material (MLIC module on RC, Gin's document Kaplan's RC material etc are examples of such materials that do more harm to you than helping you ) and so they have a faulty fundamental and they choose a wrong option . 12rk34 you answered 7th question incorrectly ...... same mistake what you did in the last passage ......... There is no implication that the creditors would be the chief beneficiaries, only that they might benefit. 13th question too you answered incorrectly The official answers are : 6 A. 7. D 8. A 9. E 10 A 11 B 12 D. 13.E Question #6: The correct answer choice Is (A) Before looking at the choices, you should be sure to prephrase the answer to any Main Point question. In this case, the Main Point is that bankruptcy laws in Western societies have changed to better serve the interests of the greater good. Answer choice (A): This is the correct answer choice, as it provides a basic restatement of our prephrase above. The author believes that bankruptcy laws have changed, and we should not go back to a system that focuses on punishment rather than on the greater good of society. Answer choice (B): Although the author points out that modern bankruptcy laws do help creditors, the author does not claim that creditors' needs caused the evolution of these laws, so this answer choice is incorrect. Answer choice ©: Modern bankruptcy laws are based in part on humanitarian concerns, but the author does not assert that the earlier approach was more efficient. In fact, the passage specifically points out that the imprisonment of debtors could not benefit creditors (line 29). Answer choice (D): According to the passage, the old approach was focused on punishment and was an inefficient means of dealing with insolvency. The author does not discuss the issue of deterrence and does not assert that a lack of deterrence caused the discussed changes in the laws. Answer choice (E): Economic interdependence allows for the interests of debtors and creditors to be aligned, but the author does not claim that increased interdependence has triggered current laws, so this answer choice is incorrect. I am purposefully not providing official explanation. This was a question from LSAT - September 2006 . Ps36363 i would just like to advice that timing all RC passage right from the day 1 is not the right strategy . You need to solve a lot of questions first and understand how the test takers create traps for you . Once you get a good hold of it , the time required to solve the passages will automatically decrease .

questions change every week . so you get more than 25 questions over a period of time.

In many Western societies, modern bankruptcy laws have undergone a shift away from a focus on punishment and toward a focus on bankruptcy as a remedy for individuals and corporations in financial (5) trouble—and, perhaps unexpectedly, for their creditors. This shift has coincided with an ever increasing reliance on declarations of bankruptcy by individualsand corporations with excessive debt, a trend that hasdrawn widespread criticism. However, (10) any measure seeking to make bankruptcy protection less available would run the risk of preventing continued economic activity of financially troubled individuals and institutions. It is for this reason that the temptation to return to a focus on punishment of (15) individuals or corporations that become insolvent must be resisted. Modern bankruptcy laws, in serving the needs of an interdependent society, serve the varied interests of the greatest number of citizens. The harsh punishment for insolvency in centuries (20) past included imprisonment of individuals and dissolution of enterprises, and reflected societies' beliefs that the accumulation of excessive debt resulted either from debtors' unwillingness to meet obligations or from their negligence. Insolvent debtors (25) were thought to be breaking sacrosanct social contracts; placing debtors in prison was considered necessary in order to remove from society those who would violate such contracts and thereby defraud creditors. But creditors derive little benefit from (30) imprisoned debtors unable to repay even a portion of their debt. And if the entity to be punished is a large enterprise, for example, an auto manufacturer, its dissolution would cause significant unemployment and the disruption of much-needed services. (35) Modern bankruptcy law has attempted to address the shortcomings of the punitive approach. Two beliefs underlie this shift: that the public good ought to be paramount in considering the financial insolvency of individuals and corporations; and that (40) the public good is better served by allowing debt-heavy corporations to continue to operate, and indebted individuals to continue to earn wages, than by disabling insolvent economic entities. The mechanism for executing these goals is usually a (45) court-directed reorganization of debtors' obligations to creditors. Such reorganizations typically comprise debt relief and plans for court-directed transfers of certain assets from debtor to creditor. Certain strictures connected to bankruptcy—such as the fact (50) that bankruptcies become matters of public record and are reported to credit bureaus for a number of years—may still serve a punitive function, but not by denying absolution of debts or financial reorganization. Through these mechanisms, today's (55) bankruptcy laws are designed primarily to assure continued engagement in productive economic activity, with the ultimate goal of restoring businesses and individuals to a degree of economic health and providing creditors with the best hope of collecting. 6. Which one of the following most accurately expresses the main point of the passage? (A) The modern trend in bankruptcy law away from punishment and toward the maintenance of economic activity serves the best interests of society and should not be abandoned. (B) Bankruptcy laws have evolved in order to meet the needs of creditors, who depend on the continued productive activity of private citizens and profit-making enterprises. © Modern bankruptcy laws are justified on humanitarian grounds, even though the earlier punitive approach was more economically efficient. (D) Punishment for debt no longer holds deterrent value for debtors and is therefore a concept that has been largely abandoned as ineffective. (E) Greater economic interdependence has triggered the formation of bankruptcy laws that reflect a convergence of the interests of debtors and creditors. 7 . In stating that bankruptcy laws have evolved "perhaps unexpectedly" (line 5) as a remedy for creditors, the author implies that creditors (A) are often surprised to receive compensation in bankruptcy courts (B) have unintentionally become the chief beneficiaries of bankruptcy laws © were a consideration, though not a primary one, in the formulation of bankruptcy laws (D) are better served than is immediately apparent by laws designed in the first instance to provide a remedy for debtors (E) were themselves active in the formulation of modern bankruptcy laws 8. The author's attitude toward the evolution of bankruptcy law can most accurately be described as (A) approval of changes that have been made to inefficient laws (B) confidence that further changes to today's laws will be unnecessary © neutrality toward laws that, while helpful to many, remain open to abuse (D) skepticism regarding the possibility of solutions to the problem of insolvency (E) concern that inefficient laws may have been replaced by legislation too lenient to debtors 9. The primary purpose of the passage is to (A) offer a critique of both past and present approaches to insolvency (B) compare the practices of bankruptcy courts of the past with those of bankruptcy courts of the present © criticize those who would change the bankruptcy laws of today (D) reexamine today's bankruptcy laws in an effort to point to further improvements (E) explain and defend contemporary bankruptcy Laws 10. Which one of the following claims would a defender of the punitive theory of bankruptcy legislation be most likely to have made? (A) Debt that has become so great that repayment is impossible is ultimately a moral failing and thus a matter for which the law should provide punitive sanctions. (B) Because insolvency ultimately harms the entire economy, the law should provide a punitive deterrent to insolvency. © The insolvency of companies or individuals is tolerable if the debt is the result of risk-taking, profit-seeking ventures that might create considerable economic growth in the long run. (D) The dissolution of a large enterprise is costly to the economy as a whole and should not be allowed, even when that enterprise's insolvency is the result of its own fiscal irresponsibility. (E) The employees of a large bankrupt enterprise should be considered just as negligent as the owner of a bankrupt sole proprietorship. 11. Which one of the following sentences could most logically be appended to the end of the last paragraph of the passage? (A) Only when today's bankruptcy laws are ultimately seen as inadequate on a large scale will bankruptcy legislation return to its original intent. (B) Punishment is no longer the primary goal of bankruptcy law, even if some of its side effects still function punitively. © Since leniency serves the public interest in bankruptcy law, it is likely to do so in criminal law as well. (D) Future bankruptcy legislation could include punitive measures, but only if such measures ultimately benefit creditors. (E) Today's bankruptcy laws place the burden of insolvency squarely on the shoulders of creditors, in marked contrast to the antiquated laws that weighed heavily on debtors 12. The information in the passage most strongly suggests which one of the following about changes in bankruptcy laws? (A) Bankruptcy laws always result from gradual changes in philosophy followed by sudden shifts in policy. (B) Changes in bankruptcy law were initiated by the courts and only grudgingly adopted by legislators. © The adjustment of bankruptcy laws away from a punitive focus was at first bitterly opposed by creditors. (D) Bankruptcy laws underwent change because the traditional approach proved inadequate and contrary to the needs of society. (E) The shift away from a punitive approach to insolvency was part of a more general trend in society toward rehabilitation and away from retribution 13. Which one of the following, if true, would most weaken the author's argument against harsh punishment for debtors? (A) Extensive study of the economic and legal history of many countries has shown that most individuals who served prison time for bankruptcy subsequently exhibited greater economic responsibility. (B) The bankruptcy of a certain large company has had a significant negative impact on the local economy even though virtually all of the affected employees were able to obtain similar jobs within the community. © Once imprisonment was no longer a consequence of insolvency, bankruptcy filings increased dramatically, then leveled off before increasing again during the 1930s. (D) The court-ordered liquidation of a large and insolvent company's assets threw hundreds of people out of work, but the local economy nevertheless demonstrated robust growth in the immediate aftermath. (E) Countries that continue to imprison debtors enjoy greater economic health than do comparable countries that have ceased to do so.

Thanks a lot of the encouragement PS 36363 ! I would try to post more of such passage from the LSAT . The advantage with solving real LSAT problem is the answers to the questions will never be ambiguous which is not the case with Kaplan , Manhattan etc . even after reading the explanation quite a few times you feel the answer is not right . I would try to post all the passages with explanation within 24 hours so that my comrades on the test magic forum regularly get high Level RC passages . Explanation within 24 hours would also force them to do be regular with RC- the most neglected section by most aspirants of GMAT.

OA - C Erin's reply in an earlier post : http://www.www.urch.com/forums/faqs/3674-grammar-compare-vs-compare.html

In case you wish to improve your SC skills then i would like to recommend two books : 1. Manhattan SC guide 3rd edition . A lot of new things are added in the third edition . 2. A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language: Randolph Quirk, Sidney Greenbaum, Geoffrey Leech, Jan Svartvik . This 1300 page book is a treatise on english grammar. The book is freely available on Internet for download . The pdf file is password protected , available on rapidshare , 4shared and lots of other sites. The password to open the pdf file is englishtips.org

Hi 12rk34, Good effort . You answered only the Ninth question incorrectly . I would advice you to put your mistakes into categories in the log file that you make . If you are able to find out how creators of the test force you to choose wrong answers then you would be at a great advantage . In this particular question (question number 9 ) the creators of the LSAT have forced you to choose the wrong answer by stating a few of the things that is written in the passage and then adding a single word "inconsistent which is exaggeration of what is being told in the passage . This is pretty same like the shell game answer in the critical reasoning section . CR and RC have a lot of areas which are overlapping and both of the section have much less rules when compared to SC . It is different issue that guys on Test magic generally care only about SC although RC and CR is more scoring ! The detailed explanation of all the questions follows : Question #8: The correct answer choice is © Since this is a Main Point question, we should attempt to form a prephrase before beginning to assess the answer choices. The main point of this passage, roughly, is to introduce historiography and discuss the need to include early Chinese settlers' actions as a source of historical information. Answer choice (A): Part of the point of this passage is that historiographers need to expand their definition of a source if they are to have a complete understanding of the development of the landscape. If historiographers need to pay attention to non-written evidence made by Chinese settlers, it must be that this new evidence would offer some insight, so it seems highly unlikely that such new sources might simply confirm what historians already knew. Answer choice (B): The passage suggested that the attention to the influence of Chinese settlers is recent, but that doesn't mean that historiographers have traditionally assumed that such evidence is irrelevant. They might simply have failed to see the existence of such evidence. Answer choice ©: This is the correct answer choice, as it sums up the author's main point in this passage. The author states in lines 15-17 that historiographers have recognized a need to expand their definition a source, and in lines 54-60 the author states that historiographers cannot understand the development of the U.S. Pacific Coast without considering the actions of Chinese settlers. Answer choice (D); Since the passage never suggests that Pacific Coast historiographers are divided over whether to pay attention to new types of evidence, this answer choice is unfounded. Furthermore, since historiographers recognize the need for new types of evidence, there appears to be some consensus. Finally, adding a new type of evidence is not the same as challenging a methodological foundation. Answer choice (E): The author's point is not that until recently accounts have been inaccurate, but rather that they have been incomplete. Further, since the author explicitly confines the discussion to the historiography of the US Pacific Coast, we cannot justifiably select a response that refers to the whole of historiography. Question #9: . The correct answer choice is © Since this question specifically refers to the third paragraph, it is once again advantageous to have an understanding of the structure of the passage. The third paragraph provides examples of the integral role of the Chinese settlers on the landscape, which is what we should prephrase before moving onto the answer choices. Answer choice (A): The examples in the third paragraph illustrate that Chinese settlers were atypical, and the author doesn't examine their settlement patterns. Answer choice (B): It seems true that there is little written evidence of the practices of the Chinese settlers. But this is not because such records didn't survive, but because the Chinese settlers simply didn't leave "a self-conscious written record" (lines 21-27). Further, since the question is about the function of the third paragraph, we can confidently eliminate this incorrect answer choice. Answer choice ©: This is the correct answer choice. The author argues that considering the Chinese perspective on the landscape is critical to understanding the transformation of the US Pacific Coast. The third paragraph develops that argument by showing how the Chinese perspective was distinctive from the European perspective. Answer choice (D): This answer choice is incorrect, since no debate among the historiographers is even alluded to in the passage. On the contrary, there appears to be a consensus among historiographers that new sources must be considered to have a more complete perspective on the development of the region. Answer choice (E): The author's claim is not that the new source of evidence is inconsistent with traditional accounts, but rather that information about the actions of the Chinese settlers would complement the sources already considered. The new sources, when considered along with the traditional, would offer a more complete historiography. Question #10: The correct answer choice is (E) Since this question concerns the traditional sources of information for historiographers, the relevant reference point, considering the organization of the passage, would be the first paragraph. Answer choice (A): Since the passage offers no information as to the timing of the Chinese settlement relative to the writing of the traditional sources of historiography, this answer choice is incorrect. Answer choice (B): No mention is made in the passage concerning Native American accounts, so we cannot confidently confirm or deny this assertion. Answer choice ©: While it does seemlikely that traditional sources are concerned with potential agricultural uses of the land, the author never specifies this, and certainly does not assert that this was a primary concern. Answer choice (D): Once again, the author does not indicate precisely an American-European explorer's focus. The passage explicitly states that the Chinese were concerned with water sources which should not be confused with American-European concern. Furthermore, once again there is evidence as to the primary concern of any of the parties in the passage. Answer choice (E): This is the correct answer choice, as it references the author's explicit statements in lines 8-14. Since historiographers have traditionally depended on the written records of European-American explorers, it makes sense that, traditionally, the primary sources have been the accounts of those explorers. Question #11: The correct answer choice is (E) Since this question asks for the response that the author would most likely disagree with, we should look for the answer choice that cannot be true based on the information provided in the stimulus. Answer choice (A): Since the author acknowledges that a specific new source is likely to be valuable to the formation of a complete cultural perspective, this answer choice provides an assertion with which the author would likely agree. Answer choice (B): Since there has been a change in what historiographers of the US Pacific Coast view as a source, some time might lapse before every historiographer knows of these new sources to be considered, so the author might agree with this assertion. In any case, there is no reason to assume that the author would disagree, so this answer choice is incorrect. Answer choice ©: The author asserts that the historiography was incomplete without consideration of the acts of early Chinese settlers, so the same might be said for other sources not previously considered. Since the author would be likely to agree with this statement, this answer choice is incorrect. Answer choice (D): Since this answer basically paraphrases the claims found in lines 15-17, this assertion is not one with which the author would disagree, so this answer is wrong. Answer choice (E): This is the correct answer choice. The author's arguments relay the idea that, wherever written evidence neglects an important, contributing population, historiographers should investigate this new source of information. This assertion is based not on the fact that the settlers were non-European, but rather that they made important contributions. Thus the author would disagree with this answer choice, which asserts non-European participation is required to expand the definition of a source. Question #12: The correct answer choice is (D) This is another example of a question which becomes much easier when one considers passage organization. Since this question concerns early Chinese settler's interactions with the landscape, it seems that the relevant reference point would be the third paragraph, which deals almost exclusively with Chinese influences on the initial development of the region. Answer choice (A): The new utilizations of local plants are discussed in lines 43-47, which describe the Chinese use of the wild mustard plant. Because this is an Except question, this answer choice, which accurately reflects information in the passage, should be eliminated. Answer choice (B): The author specifically discusses the Chinese view of the land in lines 36-42, so this response provides an aspect discussed in the passage, and is therefore incorrect. Answer choice ©: The discussion of Chinese ability to find unexpected agricultural potential in new areas and new plants, and use irrigation, as described in the third paragraph, is evidence that the Chinese had specialized agricultural skills. Since this is discussed in the passage, this answer choice is incorrect. Answer choice (D): This is the correct answer choice, because the author makes no mention of initial Chinese knowledge of agribusiness practices. The Chinese settlers helped lay the foundations for what is now the well-known, prosperous agribusiness of the region (lines 50-54). Since the question asked about the settlers' initial interactions, and the passage discusses the agribusiness of a later era, this choice is the only answer that is unsupported, and it is therefore the correct response this EXCEPT question. Answer choice (E): Since the passage explicitly states in lines 48-54 that the Chinese settlers had knowledge of irrigation systems, this choice is supported, and incorrect. Question #13:. The correct answer choice is (B) This question asks for the response that can be most reasonably inferred from the passage, so we must find the answer choice that is consistent with the author's reasoning. Often the most efficient approach to this sort of question is to review the choices and quickly eliminate any that inconsistent with the passage, and then examine the remaining responses more closely. Answer choice (A): While the early Chinese settlers did have important, transferable skills, there isno reason to presume that these were the result of having come from similar climates, and the passage offers no insight into whether the climate was the reason for their migration. Answer choice (B): This is the correct answer choice, based on the fact that Chinese settlers brought these swamp reclamation skills to the Pacific Coast (lines 50-54). As for the fact that these methods were used in the 19th century, this is confirmed by the fact that the historiographers of the US Pacific Coast region have, as explicitly stated, traditionally used nineteenth-century European- American accounts (lines 8-14), and the Chinese settlers discussed fall in the same period (lines 21-27). Answer choice ©: According to the passage, it was the Chinese settlers who used the wild mustard seeds, while the European settlers generally viewed the plants as weeds (lines 43-47). Answer choice (D): ft is valuable to study the actions of the Chinese settlers because there was little recorded by them. The actions of the European settlers have presumably already been considered by the historiographers, and this is because of the abundance of written sources available. Answer choice (E): Since the author explicitly states in lines 21-22 that written records never existed in many cases, this choice, which suggests that such written records did exist at one time, is unsupported. Question #14: The correct answer choice is (B) This question asks which answer choice most effectively strengthens the author's claim in the last sentence, which basically states the main point of the passage: a complete historiography requires consideration of the actions of the early Chinese settlers. The correct answer choice will bolster this argument. Answer choice (A): Since this response implies nothing directly about Chinese involvement in transforming the landscape, this answer is incorrect. Things change with time, and knowing what occurred during the past decade does not prove what occurred over a century ago. Further, the speed of the growth of the specialty crops relative to that of other crops has no clear relevance. Answer choice (B): This is the correct answer choice, as this response would lend credibility to the claim thatit was Chinese ancestors who converted the swamplands to grow the specialty crops currently cultivated by their Chinese descendants. Answer choice ©: While this answer choice does provide evidence that irrigation is beneficial to agribusiness, it does nothing to provide support for the assertion that this benefit is attributable to early Chinese influence. Since this answer does not strengthen the claim from the last sentence in the passage, this choice is incorrect. Answer choice (D): A steady increase in the efficiency of irrigations systems does not offer insight that irrigations improvements began in the nineteenth century, it does little to strengthen the claim that the early Chinese influence must be considered to form a more complete historiography. Answer choice (E): Since we already know, given the passage, that agribusiness in the US Pacific Coast region is thriving, it does not strengthen the author's argument to add reasons to believe that vegetation can grow well in that area. Although this response might make it more likely that irrigation is a good idea, it has nothing to do with whether such irrigation is attributable to early Chinese influence.

Why this brouhaha about MLIC module on reading comprehension ?!!! This book does more harm to you than helping you . Don't believe me . The MLIC document states - " You should be able to get the hang of the big picture and the main purpose of the passage or the author by reading the first paragraph in its entirety at a NORMAL PACE, the first two sentences of the second paragraph, and the last sentence of the passage. This is not always true , a lot of times the big picture or the main point of the passage is in the third paragraph or could be mentioned anywhere in the passage ;not necessarily the first paragraph or first two lines of second paragraph or last line of the paragraph . Similarly the document does not give much information on how to attack inference questions satisfactorily. For a inference question it is not always necessary that you read between the lines to get an answer to the inference questions quite a few times the answer to inference questions can be found by paraphrasing what stated in the passage . Most of us read the wrong book and therefore the concept that we acquire is faulty and hence we choose a wrong answer. It is due to the above mentioned reason that the test takers find it difficult to answers Inference questions. Apart from the anchor phrase strategy mentioned in the MLIC document I did not find anything that was exciting and worth reading . Still dont agree with me ??? ask to majority of people who have read the MLIC document that why does it happen that their accuraccy swings - with easier passage they have hundred percent accuracy and with tough passages it is not even 10 % . Reading right material is synonymus to success in these standard test !

In the field of historiography—the writing of history based on a critical examination of authentic primary information sources—one area that has recently attracted attention focuses on the responses (5) of explorers and settlers to new landscapes in order to provide insights into-the transformations the landscape itself has undergone as a result of settlement. In this endeavor historiographers examining the history of the Pacific Coast of the (10) United States have traditionally depended on the records left by European American explorers of the nineteenth century who, as commissioned agents of the U.S. government, were instructed to report thoroughly their findings in writing. (15) But in furthering this investigation some historiographers have recently recognized the need to expand their definition of what a source is. They maintain that the sources traditionally accepted as documenting the history of the Pacific Coast have too (20) often omitted the response of Asian settlers to this territory. In pan this is due to the dearth of written records left by Asian settlers; in contrast to the commissioned agents, most of the people who first came to western North America from Asia during this (25) same period did not focus on developing a self - conscious written record of their involvement with the landscape. But because a full study of a culture's historical relationship to its land cannot confine itself to a narrow record of experience, these (30) historiographers have begun to recognize the value of other kinds of evidence, such as the actions of Asian settlers. As a case in point, the role of Chinese settlers in expanding agriculture throughout the Pacific Coast (35) territory is integral to the history of the region. Without access to the better Sand, Chinese settlers looked for agricultural potential in this generally arid region where other settlers did not. For example , where settlers of European descent looked at willows (40) and saw only useless, un tillable swamp, Chinese settlers saw freshwater, fertile soil, and the potential for bringing water to more arid areas via irrigation. Where other settlers who looked at certain weeds, such as wild mustard, generally saw a nuisance, (45) Chinese settlers saw abundant raw material for valuable spices from a plant naturally suited to the local soil and climate. Given their role in the labor force shaping this territory in the nineteenth century, the Chinese settlers (50) offered more than just a new view of the land. Their vision was reinforced by specialized skills involving swamp reclamation and irrigation systems, which helped lay the foundation for the now well-known and prosperous agribusiness of the region. That (55) 80 percent of the area's cropland is now irrigated and that the region is currently the top producer of many specialty crops cannot be fully understood by historiographers without attention to the input of Chinese settlers as reconstructed from their (60) interactions with that landscape. 8. Which one of the following most accurately states the main point of the passage? (A) The history of settlement along the Pacific Coast of the U.S., as understood by most historiographers, is confirmed by evidence reconstructed from the actions of Asian settlers. (B) Asian settlers on the Pacific Coast of the U.S. left a record of their experiences that traditional historiographers believed to be irrelevant. © To understand Asian settlers' impact on the history of the Pacific Coast of the U.S., historiographers have had to recognize the value of nontraditional kinds of historiographic evidence. (D) Spurred by new findings regarding Asian settlement on the Pacific Coast of the U.S. historiographers have begun to debate the methodological foundations of historiography. (E) By examining only written information, historiography as it is traditionally practiced has produced inaccurate historical accounts. 9. Which one of the following most accurately describes the author's primary purpose in discussing Chinese settlers in the third paragraph? (A) to suggest that Chinese settlers followed typical settlement patterns in this region during the nineteenth century (B) to argue that little written evidence of Chinese settlers' practices survives © to provide examples illustrating the unique view Asian settlers had of the land (D) to demonstrate that the history of settlement in the region has become a point of contention among historiographers (E) to claim that the historical record provided by the actions of Asian settlers is inconsistent with history as derived from traditional sources 10. The passage states that the primary traditional historiographic sources of information about the history of the Pacific Coast of the U.S. have which one of the following characteristics? (A) They were written both before and after Asian settlers arrived in the area. (B) They include accounts by Native Americans in the area. © They are primarily concerned with potential agricultural uses of the land. (D) They focus primarily on the presence of water sources in the region. (E) They are accounts left by European American explorers. 11. The author would most likely disagree with which one of the following statements? (A) Examining the actions not only of Asian settlers but of other cultural groups of the Pacific Coast of the U.S. is necessary to a full understanding of the impact of settlement on the landscape there (B) The significance of certain actions to the writing of history may be recognized by one group of historiographers but not another. © Recognizing the actions of Asian settlers adds to but does not complete the writing of the history of the Pacific Coast of the U.S. (D) By recognizing as evidence the actions of people, historiographers expand the definition of what a source is. (E) The expanded definition of a source will probably not be relevant to studies of regions that have no significant immigration of non- Europeans. 12. According to the passage, each of the following was a aspect of Chinese settlers' initial interactions with the landscape of the Pacific Coast of the U.S. EXCEPT: (A) new ideas for utilizing local plants (B) a new view of the land © specialized agricultural skills (D) knowledge of agribusiness practices E) knowledge of irrigation systems 13. Which one of the following can most reasonably be inferred from the passage? (A) Most Chinese settlers came to the Pacific Coast of the U.S. because the climate was similar to that with which they were familiar. (B) Chinese agricultural methods in the nineteenth century included knowledge of swamp reclamation. © Settlers of European descent used wild mustard seed as a spice. (D) Because of the abundance of written sources available, it is not worthwhile to examine the actions of European settlers. (E) What written records were left by Asian settlers were neglected and consequently lost to scholarly research. 14. Which one of the following, if true, would most help to strengthen the author's main claim in the last sentence of the passage? (A) Market research of agribusinesses owned by descendants of Chinese settlers shows that the market for the region's specialty crops has grown substantially faster than the market for any other crops in the last decade. (B) Nineteenth-century surveying records indicate that the lands now cultivated by specialty crop businesses owned by descendants of Chinese settlers were formerly swamp lands. © Research by university agricultural science departments proves that the formerly arid lands now cultivated by large agribusinesses contain extremely fertile soil when they are sufficiently irrigated. (D) A technological history tracing the development of irrigation systems in the region reveals that their efficiency has increased steadily since the nineteenth century. (E) Weather records compiled over the previous century demonstrate that the weather patterns in the region are well-suited to growing certain specialty crops as long as they are irrigated.

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only one difference is there between LSAT CR bible and GMAT CR bible. The chapter on formal logic is the one which is additional in LSAT bible because LSAT asks questions on formal logic where as GMAT does not. Apart from this chapter the GMAT CR bible is exact replica of LSAT CR Bible. SO why waste money on buying GMAT CR bible when you already have the LSAT version?

IMO-D It should not be A . even if you replace the old product with a profitable new product ... the CEO only wants products whose profit margins are increasing. we have got nothing in the stimulus to provide support that new product will continue to remain profitable. After all Inflation can eat into profit of the new product too with passage of time. Look into stimulus carefully ..... it is the cost of producing .... which is the issue and option D directly attacks that.

The source is 1000 CR.... LSAT section.

I stand corrected . 12rk34 thanks a ton for broadening my knowledge.