Tania

2 of 4 optional motions can be chosen in 4C2 ways 4 of 5 optional accessories can be chosen in 5C4 ways thus total number of ways = 4c2 x 5c4=6 x 5= 30 ways

topic is:- The following appeared in a report of the Committee on Faculty Promotions and Salaries at Elm City University. "During her seventeen years as a professor of botany, Professor Thomas has proved herself to be well worth her annual salary of $50,000. Her classes are among the largest at the university, demonstrating her popularity among students. Moreover, the money she has brought to the university in research grants has exceeded her salary in each of the last two years. Therefore, in consideration of Professor Thomas' demonstrated teaching and research abilities, we recommend that she receive a $10,000 raise and a promotion to Department Chairperson; without such a raise and promotion, we fear that Professor Thomas will leave Elm City University for another college." essay is:- To ensure that Professor Thomas does not leave Elm City University for another college, The Committee on Faculty Promotions and Salaries states that the professor's salary be raised by $10,000. Further on, the committee recommends that the professor be promoted to the post of Department Chairperson. One of the reasons for this is that, the professor's classes are among the largest. This is taken as an indicator of the professor's popularity among the students. Another reason is that, the value of the research grants brought by the professor to the university exceeds her salary in the last two years. At first glance, this argument seems covincing. Yet, after close scrutiny it is possible to isolate flaws in it. The professor has one of the largest classes in the University. The argument assumes this to be indicative of the high popularity of the professor. But, such an assumption is flawed. If the professor is teaching a subject that has been taken up by a large number of students, then it is obvious that she would have a large class. Further on, if there is no one else to teach that particular subject, the students have no option. They must attend the classes of the professor, because they have no other alternatives. For instance, a subject like microprocessors is an important one in an engineering syllabus and very few professors are available to teach it. Naturally, the class of a professor teaching microprocessors will be filled with many students. Thus, one cannot assume that the professor's popualirity is linked to the large number of students in the class. For the last two years, the professor has been responsible for bringing research grants to the university whose value exceeded her salary. Though this may seem commendable, one has to compare this with other professors. For instance, let us suppose that a professor who earns $5000 is able to attract research grants worth $10,000. If another professor is able to fetch grants worth $50,000, then it is obvious that the professor under consideration has been relatively unsuccessful in attracting grants. Since, there is no data about the grants attracted by other professors, it is impossible to comment on the siginificance of the grants attracted by professor Thomas, even though they exceed her salary. Furthermore, the assumption that the professor may leave the college is incorrect. The Commitee must examine the circumstances under which professor Thomas may leave the college. For instance, if another university offers the professor a better job option, then only will she consider leaving the college. Also, the committee does not exactly know if the professor is interested in a higher salary. Before, promoting the professor to department Chairperson, it should be verified if the professor is suitable for the post. One cannot, assume that high popularity and high grants are the only factors for judging whether a person is capable of handling the post of Department Chairperson. Thus, one must consider the professor's credentials before raising the salary and offering a promotion. To sum up, large attendance in the class does not necessarily mean high popularity. Though the professor has attracted large grants, one must compare this with the ability of other professor's in attracting grants. Furthermore, efforts have to be made to find out if the professor really wants to leave the university. Only then, can the committee recommend increasing the salary or offering a promotion.

topic is "At various times in the geological past, many species have become extinct as a result of natural, rather than human, processes. Thus, there is no justification for society to make extraordinary efforts, especially at a great cost in money and jobs, to save endangered species." essay is Modern humans have been responsible in many ways for endangering our environment. We burn several million tons of fossil fuels per day. The gaseous by-products of these activities have caused acid rain in many places in the world. When this occurs in rainforests, the plant and animal life there gets severely decimated. Yet, the past is replete with instances, wherein nature and not humans, was responsible for wiping out a species. The ice age was a natural phenomenon, it caused the extinction of the dinosaurs. Thus, many may argue that, when nature itself has caused many species to become extinct, there is no need for us, to make efforts to save other species. Yet, we are justified in attempting to save endangered species even though money and job is at stake. If we do not do so, we would be adding to the damage caused by nature. When nature wipes out an entire species, the habitat, is not rendered entirely inhospitable to life. On the contrary, several of our actions have damaged the concerned habitats so severely that it is impossible for any life to survive there. This damage could have been avoided or minimized. For instance, when the meltdown occurred at the nuclear reactor in Chernobyl, the radiation leakage made it impossible for life to flourish there for atleast 300 years. On the other hand, when nature strikes, a few species may become extinct, yet, the habitat is left suitable for other new species to flourish. For instance, though the ice age wiped out the dinosaurs, the planet was still suitable for mammals and small reptiles to survive. Thus, it is apparent that, sometimes, human damage on the environment results in habitats becoming inhospitable enough to not support any kind of life. Thus, our efforts to save endangered species are not futile. When, natural processes resulted in extinction, they created opportunities for other species to flourish. Human actions on the other hand can have severe long term effects. For instance, since the ice age destroyed all the dinosaurs, mammals propagated since the dinosaurs that predated on them were elminated. If the dinosaurs were still present, then mammals would not have survived as they have done today. We, may never have got the chance to evolve from apes to humans. On the other hand, man's actions did not create any opportunites for new species to thrive. Infact, some of our seemingly harmless actions have resulted in extinction of several species. For instance, when people migrated to new lands, they took cats and dogs along with them. These domestic animals predated on the native species, resulting in extinction of birds like the dodo and the martha. Thus, as opposed to human actions, natural processes create opportunities for new life. Animals and plants have alaways adapted to the destructive forces of nature. But, their ability to adapt to damage caused to their habitat by humans is severely limited. For instance, camels have adapted to desert life by being able to store food and water in their humps. Similarly, animals adapted to the conditions of the ice age. But, animals have never adapted to calamities caused by wrong human actions. For instance, when bamboo forests in China were destroyed, the population of the giant panda became severely low and has stayed that way despite all the efforts to increase their numbers. Hence, we must make efforts to curtail environmental damage caused by us while simultaneously trying to save endangered life. The efforts made by society to save endangered species have great long term benefits and hence are justified. When an animal becomes extinct, it creates an imbalance in the ecosystem. If there is no other animal left to take its place, then the imbalance becomes a permanent phenomenon. Since, humans are very much a part of this global ecosystem, these imbalances negatively affect us. For instance, if tigers become extinct, then there would be no animals left to predate on the herbivorous animals. Their population will go on increasing. They will consume more plants, and severely reduce their numbers.This would result in shoratge of rainfall and reduction in the oxygen content in the atmosphere. Thus, we would be avoiding future calamities by preserving endangered species. Thus, the long term benefits gained by saving nature outweigh the short term losses of money and jobs. To sum up, natural forces as opposed to human actions do not destroy a habitat so completely, that no life can flourish. when natural processes did cause extinction, other species got a chance to thrive. Life on our planet can adapt to nature's forces, but not human processes. Efforts made to preserve nature produce long term benefits that greatly surpass the short term losses. Hence, it is justified that society makes extraodrinary efforts to save endangered species.

just go to andheri east station catch a rickshaw ask for saki naka, saki vihar road, take down d exact adresss from site do not forget confirmation letter i think it wuld have d proper address dats it rickshaw will take u to right destination

Hi TestMagicians i know that all of u are busy with ur exams, Even if u do have the time, reviewing an essay is a pretty boring task, almost as boring as watching ur hard disk being defragged. so, if anyone of u has the time and patience, i request you to review my essays that havent been reviewed as yet. i know that it is impossible to review all the essays i hav mentioned here, so it wouldbe great if atleast 10% got reviewed here is da list Issues: topic numbers are:- 099 038 142 048 104 083 054 231 039 Arguments :- topic numbers are: 238 098 015 057 107 It is observed that more arguments are reviewed as compared to issues

laconic is habitually silent or uncommunicative, means less of speech i dont see how it relates believable and excuse

this essay has a complicated topic. it was very difficult to come up with points, could someone suggest more points and SOMEONE PLEASE RATE this ESSAY

could u give a brief description of da template?? here in mumbai we use 3 kinds of templates FIRST 1. state ur stand 2. validate ur stand 3.conclude second 1. state opposing stand 2. invalidate it 3. state ur stand 4. conclude third 1. state opposing stand 2. invalidate it. 3. state ur stand 4. validate 5. conclude and btw all these are preceded by an introduction

EQUIVOCATE: COMMITMENT:: (A) procrastinate: action (B) implicate: exposition © expostulate: confusion (D) corroborate: falsification (E) fabricate: explanation Answer is A LACONIC: SPEECH:: (A) believable: excuse (B) unyielding: attitude © austere: design (D) somber: procession (E) gradual: transition Answer is A INVEIGLE: (A) display openly (B) request directly © initiate willingly (D) advocate strongly (E) contribute lavishly Answer is B PECCADILLO: SIN:: (A) provocation: instigation (B) anxiety: fear © perjury: corruption (D) penury: poverty (E) admonishment: castigation Answer is E GLIMMER: DAZZLE:: (A) delineate: disclaim (B) recede: abandon © recite: harangue (D) muse: reflect (E) murmur: resound Answer is E

can anyone please explain to me how can one have 2V or 2Q sections? My performance in the experimental section would not count towards my final score right?? In TOEFL, if the section we are taking up is an experimental one, then we are informed. Is it the same for GRE? if we have 2V sections do we have to score in both V sections? if we have 2Q sections do we have to score in both Q sections?

i rescheduled my GRE date using bank draft, suppose ur current gre date is 20 june, then the last date for ur demand draft reaching Prometric Delhi is 13th june that 11 days thing is for registering for the test for first time. besides , for rescheduling u dont need to fill up the international test scheduling form.

Erin, i posted an essay for GRE issue with the topic chosen from the new poool of topics . since no one else had posted that essay before, i had to post it as a new thread and wait for approval this is the thread 099 In any realm of life—whether academic why hasnt my essay been approved as yet? is there any error in the formatting ??

the topic is The following appeared in a memorandum from the president of Mira Vista College to the college's board of trustees. "At nearby Green Mountain College, which has more business courses and more job counselors than does Mira Vista College, 90 percent of last year's graduating seniors had job offers from prospective employers. But at Mira Vista College last year, only 70 percent of the seniors who informed the placement office that they would be seeking employment had found full-time jobs within three months after graduation, and only half of these graduates were employed in their major field of study. To help Mira Vista's graduates find employment, we must offer more courses in business and computer technology and hire additional job counselors to help students with their resumés and interviewing skills." here is my essay :- The president of Mira Vista college cites the availabilty of more business courses and job counsellors as the main reason for 90 percent of the seniors of Green Mountain College receiving job offers. Also, this statistic has been compared to the scenario wherein 70 percent of students at Mira Vista college are getting jobs. To help the graduates of Mira Vista college find employment, the president recommends that the college must offer more courses in business and computer technology and hire more job counsellors. On first impression, this argument seems pretty convincing. Yet, it is possible to isolate flaws in it so as to make its validity debatable. Using percentages as a statistic to compare the employment among graduates of both colleges is fallacious. If the number of students applying for jobs is different, then it would be useles to compare percentages. For instance, if Green Mountain college has 100 students seeking employment, if 90 percent succeeded, then it means that 90 students got jobs. Now, if Mira Vista college has 200 students, 70 percent of 200 is 140. Thus, 140 students from Mira Vista college got employed. 140 is way greater than 90. Suddenly, the 90 percent statistic does not seem significant as compared to 70 percent. Also, when employers choose students from colleges, it has been observed that they choose a fixed number of students from every college, irrespective of the number of students applying. One would require data regarding the number of students applying for jobs, inorder to fairly compare the percentages. Thus, one must not use percentage as a statistic for comparing the employment among students. If the student employment in Mira Vista college is indeed poor as compared to Green Mountain college, then offering new courses and hiring counsellors is not the best way out. There can be several reasons for low student employment such as bad reputation, low overall student scores. For instance, if Mira Vista college is ranked way below Green Mountain college in the state's list of college performance, then employers would be reluctant to employ many students. Similarly, if the syllabus for the current subjects is outdated, then the credibilty of the education at the college is at stake. Hiring more job counsellors and offering new courses can cost a lot of money. Such a move should not be taken without careful evaluation of the current situation. Other cheaper alternatives, must be examined first. For instance, instead of offering a new course, the college could set up a physics workshop with one of the major employers. Or the college, could organize an exhibition to showcase the talent of its students. Thus, offering new courses and hiring new counsellors may not be in the best interests of the college. To sum up, the use of percentage is an unreliable statistic. Data regarding the number of students under consideration for employment should be made available. Such data could offset the seemingly reasonable advantage of higher percentage of student employment. It would be wrong to assume that offering new course and hiring new consellors would remedy the problems of Mira Vista College. The exact reasons for these problems should be determined by suitable methods.

is the UNIDENTIFIED PRETEST SECTION same as research section? will the score in UNIDENTIFIED PRETEST SECTION affect my final score??? plz advise

the topic is : 99. "In any realm of life—whether academic, social, business, or political—the only way to succeed is to take a practical, rather than an idealistic, point of view. Pragmatic behavior guarantees survival, whereas idealistic views tend to be superceded by simpler, more immediate options." here is my essay: - A practical apporach to complex problems enables one to obtain a simpler and more understandable solution as compared to an idealistic one. While considering academics, business or social sciences, it has been observed that a practical point of view highly increases one's chances of achieving success. The various situations faced in life can never be pigeon holed into one particular category. This inability to classify life's experiences and situations is one of the main reasons for recommending a practical view in favour of an idealistic bent. Practicality lends itself more to good use of the vast knowledge contained in human experiences. The more the experience, the wiser the person is. Thus, prevailing wisdom favors pracitcality. One of the reasons for the shortcomings of an idealistic point of view is that most ideologies owe their existence solely to the person who proposed them. An idealistic view works only for a few people for a specific time period. This ideology may have worked for its creator. But, it is apparent, that what works for one may not necessarily work for all. For instance, communism was touted as the best cure to all the problems of humankind. It was Lenin and his comrades who laid down the foundations of communism in Russia. Before the advent of communism Russia was under the rule of a monarch. The common people faced several harships including poverty, lawlessness and diseases. When, communism promised to eradicate thse ills, it is but natural that the people warmly welcomed it. Progress occured, but it was shortlived. What worked during the time of Lenin, refused to work after forty years.Communism discourages competition. Healthy competition in developed countries, is the most important reason for their progress. Thus, industrial development in Russia could not keep pace with that in the capitalist world. Leading thinkers in several countries then propsed socialism whch ia a moderate form of communism, closely linked to capitalism. Thus, a practical approach was preferred which advocated public ownership of critical industries while leaving the door open for private entrepreneurs. The good results of this endeavour are evident in the progress enjoyed by millions of people in the Indian subcontinent. Thus, it is apparent that since idealistic views may work only for its creator or for the generation of the creator. Most of the times, they fail to work a couple of generations later. That pragmatic views guarantee survival is indeed undebatable. When a pragmatic apporach is followed, people tend to adjust according to the prvailing situations. This is because it is apparent that what works in a particlaur situation may not necessarily work when the situation changes. The biggest example of pragmatism ensuring survival can be found in the archives of the second world war. During a particularly fierce battle to take control of a hill, General Eisenhover obseverd how british soldiers apporached the hil in the idealistic age-old approach of marcching in single file. Needless to say, these soldiers were easily cut down by enemy gunfire without firing a single shot themselves. This was in marked contrast to the American approach which recommended changing tactics as the situation demands. The American approach was practical and they later succeeded in capturing the hill. Similarly, during the race to the space, American scientists spent millions trying to develop a pen that would work in the zero gravity of space. The Russians preferred to use a more simple, prgamatic and economically viable approach by using a pencil. Hence, pragmatism ensures survival and enable one to find simpler solutions. To sum up, our history is witness to the fact that practicality wins over idealism. Idealistic approaches tend to work only for a select time period and a few people only. Pragamtic views are good in the long run because they guarantee survival while ensuring simpler and more immediate options. After all, nature also uses a very practical approach-Survival of the fittest.