This sentence has two independent clauses joined together by a coordinating conjunction and.
Recently implemented "shift-work equations" based on studies of the human sleep cycle have reduced sickness, sleeping on the job, [and ]fatigue among shift workers,
Since we're enumerating things in this first clause we need and after the comma of the last one.
The second clause has its subject ellipted
and [Recently implemented "shift-work equations" based on studies of the human sleep cycle] have raised production efficiency in various industries
In short
A have reduced x, y, and z, and have raised w.
since none of the choices have the above construction
A have reduced x, y, and z while raising w.