kenya and ghana

[aspirant1976]

In a 1984 book, Claire C.

Robertson argued that,

before colonialism, age was

Line a more important indicator

(5) of status and authority than

gender in Ghana and in

Africa generally. British

colonialism imposed

European-style male-

(10) dominant notions upon

more egalitarian local

situations to the detriment

of women generally, and

gender became a defining

(15) characteristic that weakened

women’s power and

authority.

Subsequent research in

Kenya convinced Robertson

(20) that she had overgeneralized

about Africa. Before colonialism,

gender was more

salient in central Kenya than

it was in Ghana, although age

(25) was still crucial in determining

authority. In contrast with

Ghana, where women had

traded for hundreds of years

and achieved legal majority

(30) (not unrelated phenomena),

the evidence regarding

central Kenya indicated that

women were legal minors

and were sometimes treated

(35) as male property, as were

European women at that

time. Factors like strong

patrilinearity and patrilocality,

as well as women’s inferior

(40) land rights and lesser

involvement in trade, made

23

women more dependent on

men than was generally the

case in Ghana. However,

(45) since age apparently

remained the overriding

principle of social organization

in central Kenya, some

senior women had much

(50) authority. Thus, Robertson

revised her hypothesis

somewhat, arguing that

in determining authority in

precolonial Africa age was a

(55) primary principle that superseded

gender to varying

degrees depending on the

situation.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Q3:

The primary purpose of the passage is to

A. present evidence undermining a certain hypothesis

B. describe a particular position and its subsequent modification

C. discuss two contrasting viewpoints regarding a particular issue

D. describe how a social phenomenon varied by region

E. evaluate an assumption widely held by scholars

Answer:

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Q4:

The passage indicates that Robertson’s research in Kenya caused her to change her mind

regarding which of the following?

A. Whether age was the prevailing principle of social organization in Kenya before

colonialism

B. Whether gender was the primary determinant of social authority in Africa

generally before colonialism

C. Whether it was only after colonialism that gender became a significant

determinant of authority in Kenyan society

D. Whether age was a crucial factor determining authority in Africa after colonialism

E. Whether British colonialism imposed European-style male-dominant notions

upon local situations in Ghana

Answer:

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Q5:

23

The passage suggests that after conducting the research mentioned in line 18, but not

before, Robertson would have agreed with which of the following about women’s status

and authority in Ghana?

A. Greater land rights and greater involvement in trade made women in precolonial

Ghana less dependent on men than were European women at that time.

B. Colonialism had a greater impact on the status and authority of Ghanaian women

than on Kenyan women.

C. Colonialism had less of an impact on the status and authority of Ghanaian women

that it had on the status and authority of other African women.

D. The relative independence of Ghanaian women prior to colonialism was unique in

Africa.

E. Before colonialism, the status and authority of Ghanaian women was similar to

that of Kenyan women.

Answer:

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Q6:

The author of the passage mentions the status of age as a principle of social organization

in precolonial central Kenya in lines 24-26 most likely in order to

A. indicate that women’s dependence on men in precolonial Kenya was not absolute

B. contrast the situation of senior women to that of less senior women in precolonial

Kenyan society

C. differentiate between the status and authority of precolonial Kenyan women and

that of precolonial Ghanaian women

D. explain why age superseded gender to a greater extent in precolonial Kenya than

it did elsewhere in Africa

E. identify a factor that led Robertson to revise her hypothesis about precolonial

Africa

[check.stone]

3b

4c

5e

6a

[aspirant1976]

I got

3b

4c

5b

6a

 

check.s if u look at q5. choice e is not correct because their position was not the same before colonialism. before colonialism women in ghana were more free and had more rights . and thats the reason colonialism brought more damage(impact) to women in ghana as compared to kenyan women becasue kenyan women were already oppressed.

 

our answers differ from 6 which is E in the OA

[check.stone]

agree with 5b. silly mistake.

 

with 6, A is an inference drawn from those lines but not why passage writer mentions the status of age. E as you say. tricky.

[Apple77]

for 3), why a) is wrong? presenting evidence (by study) and undermine hypothesis (on age and authority...)

[AKSTCS]

What is the source of the question?

And can you please explicitly write the OAs.

[ontheway]

For Q6, answer must be A.

 

Robertson revised her hypothesis because she found about gender dominance in Ghana before that she generalized Africa and reasoned the society to be age dominant authority. She mentioned age in lines 24-26 to show that although gender was dominant but age still played a role. Author explained it very clearly and detailed in lines 45-50:

 

However, (45) since age apparently remained the overriding principle of social organization in central Kenya, some senior women had much (50) authority.

 

This once again shows that age mentioned in lines 24-26 was to show that there was no ABSOLUTE gender domination. Age was never a factor to change her hypothesis.

[KillGmat]

i got B-C-B-A,why is A wrong?

[05rose]

i am having some contradictions with others please provide me correct answers.

[h2night]

3. B

4. B

5. A

6. E

 

Oa?

[wawan_andrean]

3.A

4.B

5.A

6.E

 

OA please

[Shivo.Shivo]

3 b

4A

5 A

6 E

correct me if i am wrong.

[willywonka14]

B-C-E-A....whats the OA?

[akrish1982]

BCBC

------------------------------------------------------------------

Q3:

The primary purpose of the passage is to

A. present evidence undermining a certain hypothesis >>> Two evidences are proposed - 2nd is revised one.

B. describe a particular position and its subsequent modification >>> seems correct

C. discuss two contrasting viewpoints regarding a particular issue >>> but this is by the same person - cant say 2 viewpoints, rather say corrected or modified

D. describe how a social phenomenon varied by region >>> though examples of some regions are mentioned - that is not the only point

E. evaluate an assumption widely held by scholars >>> does not talk of any assumption held by scholars.

--------------------------------------------------------------

Q4:

The passage indicates that Robertson’s research in Kenya caused her to change her mind

regarding which of the following?

>>> she first held that gender had been imposed by colonialism and was not an issue pre-colonialism. She also generalizes the same. then she changed to say it did not hold as true for Kenya

A. Whether age was the prevailing principle of social organization in Kenya before

colonialism >>> yes, somewhat true

B. Whether gender was the primary determinant of social authority in Africa

generally before colonialism >>> She did not have a thought on gender being a primary determinant - for her to change her stance on that.

C. Whether it was only after colonialism that gender became a significant

determinant of authority in Kenyan society >>> this seems to be the best choice

D. Whether age was a crucial factor determining authority in Africa after colonialism >>> we are clear about the situation after colonialism

E. Whether British colonialism imposed European-style male-dominant notions

upon local situations in Ghana >>> She had not changed her mind regarding Ghana

------------------------------------------------------------------------

Q5:

The passage suggests that after conducting the research mentioned in line 18, but not

before, Robertson would have agreed with which of the following about women’s status

and authority in Ghana?

>>> confusing wordings - I fell for "but not before" at first.

A. Greater land rights and greater involvement in trade made women in precolonial

Ghana less dependent on men than were European women at that time. >>> suthor would agree to this but did not have to wait for the research in Kenya.

B. Colonialism had a greater impact on the status and authority of Ghanaian women

than on Kenyan women. >>> This can be said to be true as Ghanian women had changed, but Kenyan - not much change

C. Colonialism had less of an impact on the status and authority of Ghanaian women

that it had on the status and authority of other African women. >>> Not true

D. The relative independence of Ghanaian women prior to colonialism was unique in

Africa. >>> very extreme conclusion as we have data only about 2 countries

E. Before colonialism, the status and authority of Ghanaian women was similar to

that of Kenyan women. >>> this is not true - she held this thought before the research in Kenya

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Q6:

The author of the passage mentions the status of age as a principle of social organization

in precolonial central Kenya in lines 24-26 most likely in order to

>>> prove her previous generalisation incorrect - to compare between Ghana and Kenya

A. indicate that women’s dependence on men in precolonial Kenya was not absolute >>> this is not about dependence

B. contrast the situation of senior women to that of less senior women in precolonial

Kenyan society >>> no, not very true

C. differentiate between the status and authority of precolonial Kenyan women and

that of precolonial Ghanaian women >>> yes.

D. explain why age superseded gender to a greater extent in precolonial Kenya than

it did elsewhere in Africa >>> does not explain the resoning

E. identify a factor that led Robertson to revise her hypothesis about precolonial

Africa >>> she more indicates a difference rather than indentifying a factor.

[akrish1982]

Correct myself - 6 is E and not C. dont know why I made a stupid choice

[Otori Takeo]

I also got BCBE

 

What are the OAs?

[abhnah]

Initially i chose A for Q6 but if we read lines 24-26 we will see that "

although age

was still crucial in determining

authority

"

Here word "although" explains everything . That is we are expecting a contrast , implying that something happened with robertson because of which he had used "although" , one line before lin3 number 24 explain why answer E is correct

[shuchi123]

OA please?

[shsingh]

bcba for me